abdominal vasculature Flashcards
What are the three arteries which come off the coeliac artery
forward: left gastric
Left: splenic
right: common hepatic
Where does the coeliac artery come off the aorta
as soon as the aorta enters the abdomen.
between the cura of the diaphragm and behind the median arcuate ligament
what vertebral level does the coeliac trunk exit the aorta
T12
what structures lie either side of the coeliac artery
- coeliac group of of pre aortic lymph nodes
2. coeliac ganglia lie on either side and they send sympathetic nerves to all the branches.
what is directly inferior to the coeliac axis?
the superior portion of the pancreas
what is directly anterior to the coeliac axis?
the peritoneum of posterior wall of the lesser sac.
once the left gastric artery emerges from the coeliac axis which direction does it go? and what artery does it give off?
the left coeliac arteri runs upwards towards the crux of the diaphragm where it gives off an esophageal branch
after giving off an esophageal branch where does the left gastric artery go next?
it heads inferiorly within the lesser omentum to provide arterial supply to the lesser curvature of the stomach.
what ligment does the splenic artery travel through to to get to the hilum of the spleen?
The gastrosplenic or the lienosplenic ligament.
apart from the spleen what else does the splenic artery supply?
the pancreas
the stomach: via the superiorly directing short gastric and the infioriorly directing left gastroepiploic arteries which run on the greater curvature of the stomach in the greater omentum.
when does the common hepatic artery become the hepatic artery?
when it curves upwards into the space between the two layers of the lesser omentum
within the lesser omentum which is more medial? the bile duct of the hepatic artery?
the hepatic artery
are the bile duct and the hepatic artery in front or behind the portal vein?
in front of the portal vein
what does the hepatic artery do when in the porta hepatis?
devide into the left and right branches to supply the right and left sides of the liver
what arteries does the common heptic artery give off before becoming the hepatic artery?
the right gastric and gastroduodenal.
the gastroduodenal artery passess down behind the duodenum D1, to the left of the portal vein and devides into which two arteries?
the right gastroepiploic through the greater omentum and the superior pancreato-duodenal artery
the superior pancreato-duodenal artery devides into two branches which encircle the head of the pancreas what are they called?
the anterior and posterior branches of the superior pancreatoduodenal artery.
They anastomose with branches from the inferior pancreatoduodenal brnach with respective anterior and posterior portions.
the inferior pancreatoduodenar aftery comes off which artery?
SMA
What marker is the distinction between fore and midgut.
the enterance of the bile duct at the ampulla
the superior mesenteric vein joins to which vein to make the portal vein? and at what location?
the splenic.
behind the pancreatic neck.
at the level of the pancreas is the portal vein anterior or posterior?
posterior
the distal thirs of the esophageal vein drains into which vein?
into the left gastric vein. then into portal
the upper two thirds of the esophagus drain into which vein?
the Axygous vein system
does the splenic vein run superior, inferior, anterior or posterior to the pancreas?
posterior
where does the splenic vein lie in relation to the left renal vein?
anteriorly to it on its upper border
how does the inferior mesenteric vein enter the portal vein?
via joining to the splenic first.
what are the anatomical regions of the midgut?
from the enterance of the bile duct to the splenic flexure
how far below the coeliac truck does the SMA arrise?
1cm
at what vertrebral level does the SMA exit the aorta?
L1
what are the branches of the SMA? from first to last
inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. jujunal and ileal branches ileocolic branches right colic middle colic
the superior mesenteric vein runs medical or lateral to the artery?
the vein is on the right (Lateral) to the artery.
at what vertebral level does the inferior mesenteric artery come out of the aorta?
L3
which part of the duodenum does the IMA arrise under?
D3
in the rectum, the mucus membranes are supplied from which arterial supply?
IMA
what are the divisions of the IMA?
left colic (ascending and descending)
sigmoid arteries
superior rectal
where does the superior rectal vein drain into?
inferior mesenteric vein
what is the blood supply to the gall bladder?
cyctic artery a branch of the right hepatic
which is the anterior structure? the cystic duct or the cystic artery?
the duct is anterior to the artery
where can the cystic duct be found?
in the Calots triangle. bordered by the liver, cystic duct and common hepatic duct
where is the opening of the appendix in relation to the ileocaecal valve?
2cm below the valve in the posterior medial caecum.
what is the blood supply to the appendix?
the appendicular artery comes off the posterior caecal, it is an end artery. there are no collaterals.
what is the blood supply to the superior rectum?
superior rectal artery, from the IMA which name changes once it crosses the pelvic brim.
The middle rectum is supplied by which artery?
the middle rectal - from internal iliac
the inferior rectum is supplied by which artery?
the inferior rectal artery from the internal pudendal
what is the aterial supply to the anus above and below the pecinate line?
Above: superior rectal adn middle rectal (from IMA and Int Iliac)
Below: middle and inferior rectal (from internal pudendal)
what is the venous drainage of the anus above and below the pectinate line?
Above: into IMV
Below: into pudendal systemic venous drainage.
what is the lymphatic drainage of the anus above and below the pectinate line?
Above: internal iliac
Below: superficial inguinal
the most superior portion of the esophagus is supplied by which artery?
inferior thyroid
what is the arterial supply and venous drainage of the esophagus in the thorax.
arterial: thoracic arotic branches
venous: Azygous veins lower and inferior thyroid higher.
what is the arterial supply of the lower intrabdominal esophagus? and venous drainage ?
left gatric - esophageal branch and then left gastric vein into splenic into portal.
also
azygous systemic drainage
how many arcades are there in the jujunal vs iliac mesentry?
1 layer in the jujunum and they have more frequent vasa rects
ileum 2 laters: with the vasa recta more spaced apart.
The right hepatic artery may arise anomalously from the
superior mesenteric artery.
what is the location of the cystic vein?
THERE IS NO CYSTIC VEIN
normally
there can be in anomolous cases - drains into the portal duct
the blood is drained into the bed into the liver
