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GSSE > abdominal vasculature > Flashcards

abdominal vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three arteries which come off the coeliac artery

A

forward: left gastric
Left: splenic
right: common hepatic

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2
Q

Where does the coeliac artery come off the aorta

A

as soon as the aorta enters the abdomen.

between the cura of the diaphragm and behind the median arcuate ligament

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3
Q

what vertebral level does the coeliac trunk exit the aorta

A

T12

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4
Q

what structures lie either side of the coeliac artery

A
  1. coeliac group of of pre aortic lymph nodes

2. coeliac ganglia lie on either side and they send sympathetic nerves to all the branches.

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5
Q

what is directly inferior to the coeliac axis?

A

the superior portion of the pancreas

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6
Q

what is directly anterior to the coeliac axis?

A

the peritoneum of posterior wall of the lesser sac.

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7
Q

once the left gastric artery emerges from the coeliac axis which direction does it go? and what artery does it give off?

A

the left coeliac arteri runs upwards towards the crux of the diaphragm where it gives off an esophageal branch

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8
Q

after giving off an esophageal branch where does the left gastric artery go next?

A

it heads inferiorly within the lesser omentum to provide arterial supply to the lesser curvature of the stomach.

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9
Q

what ligment does the splenic artery travel through to to get to the hilum of the spleen?

A

The gastrosplenic or the lienosplenic ligament.

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10
Q

apart from the spleen what else does the splenic artery supply?

A

the pancreas
the stomach: via the superiorly directing short gastric and the infioriorly directing left gastroepiploic arteries which run on the greater curvature of the stomach in the greater omentum.

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11
Q

when does the common hepatic artery become the hepatic artery?

A

when it curves upwards into the space between the two layers of the lesser omentum

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12
Q

within the lesser omentum which is more medial? the bile duct of the hepatic artery?

A

the hepatic artery

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13
Q

are the bile duct and the hepatic artery in front or behind the portal vein?

A

in front of the portal vein

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14
Q

what does the hepatic artery do when in the porta hepatis?

A

devide into the left and right branches to supply the right and left sides of the liver

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15
Q

what arteries does the common heptic artery give off before becoming the hepatic artery?

A

the right gastric and gastroduodenal.

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16
Q

the gastroduodenal artery passess down behind the duodenum D1, to the left of the portal vein and devides into which two arteries?

A

the right gastroepiploic through the greater omentum and the superior pancreato-duodenal artery

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17
Q

the superior pancreato-duodenal artery devides into two branches which encircle the head of the pancreas what are they called?

A

the anterior and posterior branches of the superior pancreatoduodenal artery.
They anastomose with branches from the inferior pancreatoduodenal brnach with respective anterior and posterior portions.

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18
Q

the inferior pancreatoduodenar aftery comes off which artery?

A

SMA

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19
Q

What marker is the distinction between fore and midgut.

A

the enterance of the bile duct at the ampulla

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20
Q

the superior mesenteric vein joins to which vein to make the portal vein? and at what location?

A

the splenic.

behind the pancreatic neck.

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21
Q

at the level of the pancreas is the portal vein anterior or posterior?

A

posterior

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22
Q

the distal thirs of the esophageal vein drains into which vein?

A

into the left gastric vein. then into portal

23
Q

the upper two thirds of the esophagus drain into which vein?

A

the Axygous vein system

24
Q

does the splenic vein run superior, inferior, anterior or posterior to the pancreas?

A

posterior

25
Q

where does the splenic vein lie in relation to the left renal vein?

A

anteriorly to it on its upper border

26
Q

how does the inferior mesenteric vein enter the portal vein?

A

via joining to the splenic first.

27
Q

what are the anatomical regions of the midgut?

A

from the enterance of the bile duct to the splenic flexure

28
Q

how far below the coeliac truck does the SMA arrise?

A

1cm

29
Q

at what vertrebral level does the SMA exit the aorta?

A

L1

30
Q

what are the branches of the SMA? from first to last

A 
inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. 
jujunal and ileal branches 
ileocolic branches 
right colic
middle colic
31
Q

the superior mesenteric vein runs medical or lateral to the artery?

A

the vein is on the right (Lateral) to the artery.

32
Q

at what vertebral level does the inferior mesenteric artery come out of the aorta?

A

L3

33
Q

which part of the duodenum does the IMA arrise under?

A

D3

34
Q

in the rectum, the mucus membranes are supplied from which arterial supply?

A

IMA

35
Q

what are the divisions of the IMA?

A

left colic (ascending and descending)
sigmoid arteries
superior rectal

36
Q

where does the superior rectal vein drain into?

A

inferior mesenteric vein

37
Q

what is the blood supply to the gall bladder?

A

cyctic artery a branch of the right hepatic

38
Q

which is the anterior structure? the cystic duct or the cystic artery?

A

the duct is anterior to the artery

39
Q

where can the cystic duct be found?

A

in the Calots triangle. bordered by the liver, cystic duct and common hepatic duct

40
Q

where is the opening of the appendix in relation to the ileocaecal valve?

A

2cm below the valve in the posterior medial caecum.

41
Q

what is the blood supply to the appendix?

A

the appendicular artery comes off the posterior caecal, it is an end artery. there are no collaterals.

42
Q

what is the blood supply to the superior rectum?

A

superior rectal artery, from the IMA which name changes once it crosses the pelvic brim.

43
Q

The middle rectum is supplied by which artery?

A

the middle rectal - from internal iliac

44
Q

the inferior rectum is supplied by which artery?

A

the inferior rectal artery from the internal pudendal

45
Q

what is the aterial supply to the anus above and below the pecinate line?

A

Above: superior rectal adn middle rectal (from IMA and Int Iliac)
Below: middle and inferior rectal (from internal pudendal)

46
Q

what is the venous drainage of the anus above and below the pectinate line?

A

Above: into IMV
Below: into pudendal systemic venous drainage.

47
Q

what is the lymphatic drainage of the anus above and below the pectinate line?

A

Above: internal iliac
Below: superficial inguinal

48
Q

the most superior portion of the esophagus is supplied by which artery?

A

inferior thyroid

49
Q

what is the arterial supply and venous drainage of the esophagus in the thorax.

A

arterial: thoracic arotic branches
venous: Azygous veins lower and inferior thyroid higher.

50
Q

what is the arterial supply of the lower intrabdominal esophagus? and venous drainage ?

A

left gatric - esophageal branch and then left gastric vein into splenic into portal.
also
azygous systemic drainage

51
Q

how many arcades are there in the jujunal vs iliac mesentry?

A

1 layer in the jujunum and they have more frequent vasa rects

ileum 2 laters: with the vasa recta more spaced apart.

52
Q

The right hepatic artery may arise anomalously from the

A

superior mesenteric artery.

53
Q

what is the location of the cystic vein?

A

THERE IS NO CYSTIC VEIN
normally
there can be in anomolous cases - drains into the portal duct
the blood is drained into the bed into the liver

GSSE (9 decks)

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