Lower Limn Joints Flashcards
What type of joint in the hit joint?
polyaxial synovial
Hip joint is ball and socket: what does this mean?
Allows movemnt on multiple axes
Bones of the hip joint are what? And specifically which parts of those bones
What happens to the angle of inclination (angle of neck against shaft) as you age?
What does this make you more susceptible to?
Name and what does it prevent?
What is it and what does it prevent?
Pubofemoral ligament; prevent overabduction
Name? Prevents (2) things. Also thick or thin?
Synovial membrane of hip joints lays where? Which way does the synovial membrane reflect? Toward what?
Allows enough room form what?
Between femoral head and acetabulum
What does it do?
fibrocartilagenous rim deeping the joint socket
Transmits what?
Ligament of th head of the femur
Artery of the ligament of the head of femur
What type of hip joint discloation is most common, and why?
What is congenital Hip Dislocation? (Hip dysplasia)
What part of the femur is most often fractured?
Fracture of the neck of the femur
Why would someone need an artificial joint (hip replacement)? To relieve what?
What is replaced in hip replacement (3) thing, and what are the artifical replacements for each called
What type of joint is the knee joint? allows what?
Hinge joint, alllows flexion/extension, with only a small amount of rotation
What are the bones involved in the knee joint
What is an extracapsular ligmanet? Capsular ligament?
Extra= ligament outside of joint capsule
capsular= external parts of joint capsule
What type of ligament? Originate from what and goes to what?
What type of ligamanet? Also distal extension of what?
Where does it arise and where does it extend?
Gray
Arises from what, extends where?
How do you test for a torn cruciate ligament?
Drawer test
Synovial membrane
What is the unhappy triad? (3) things
Tightens
Yellow and green
inversion and eversion
. What bones make up the hip joint? What types of actions are possible at the hip joint? What muscles carry out these actions? What is the innervation of these muscles?
bones involved: Os coxae- acetabulum
Femur: head and neck
Actions: adduction, abduction, flexion, extension, lateral and medial rotation
Adduction: adductor group, lateral rotation is lateral rotators and hamstring muscles, abductors and medial rotators are the gluteal group (externally), and the illiopsoas group (internally)
Innervation: femoral, obturator and superior gluteal n
What is the blood supply of the hip joint?
Medial and lateral circumflex femoral aa
artery to the head of the femur (branch of obturator a)
inferior gluteal a
What nerves supply sensory innervaiton to hip joint?
Femoral, obturator and superior gluteal n
What types of actions are possible at the knee joint? What muscles carry out these actions? What is the innervation of these muscles?
Flexion, extension, small amount (+- degrees of rotation)
Hamstring muscles flex knee, quadricep muscles extend knee, sartorious medially rotates, popliteus laterally rotates
Innervation: tibial and common fibular n
What is the blood supply to the knee
genicular branches of femoral artery, poplieteal and tibial arteries forming the genicular anastomosis
