LOWER LIMBS STUDY CASES Flashcards
A 27-year-old patient exhibits a loss of skin
sensation and paralysis of muscles on the plantar
aspect of the medial side of the foot. Which
of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
Tibial
A patient with a deep knife wound in the
buttock walks with a waddling gait that is characterized
by the pelvis falling toward one side
at each step. Which of the following nerves is
damaged?
Superior Gluteal nerve
A patient is unable to prevent anterior displacement
of the femur on the tibia when the
knee is flexed. Which of the following ligaments
is most likely damaged?
Posterior cruiciate
A 41-year-old man was involved in a fight and
felt weakness in extending the knee joint. On examination,
he was diagnosed with a lesion of the
femoral nerve. Which of the following symptoms
would be a result of this nerve damage?
Paralysis on VASTUS LATERALIS MUSCLE
A 47-year-old woman is unable to invert
her foot after she stumbled on her driveway.
Which of the following nerves are most likely
injured?
DEEP Peroneal & tibia
A 22-year-old patient is unable to “unlock”
the knee joint to permit flexion of the leg.
Which of the following muscles is most likely
damaged?
Popliteus
A patient presents with sensory loss on adjacent
sides of the great and second toes and
impaired dorsiflexion of the foot. These signs
probably indicate damage to which of the
following nerves?
DEEP Peroneal
A motorcyclist falls from his bike in an accident
and gets a deep gash that severs the superficial
peroneal nerve near its origin. Which of
the following muscles is paralyzed?
Peroneus longus
A 67-year-old patient has been given a
course of antibiotics by gluteal intramuscular
injections after a major abdominal surgery.
To avoid damaging the sciatic nerve during an
injection, the needle should be inserted into
which of the following areas?
Upper lateral quadrant of the gluteal region.
A 20-year-old patient cannot flex and medially
rotate the thigh while running and climbing.
Which of the following muscles is most
likely damaged?
Tensor fasciae latae
A 21-year-old man was involved in a motorcycle
accident, resulting in destruction of the
groove in the lower surface of the cuboid bone.
Which of the following muscle tendons is most
likely damaged?
Flexor hallucis longus
A construction worker falls feet first from a
roof. He sustains a fracture of the groove on the
undersurface of the sustentaculum tali of the
calcaneus bone. Which of the following muscle
tendons is most likely torn?
Flexor hallucis brevis.
A thoracic surgeon is going to collect a portion
of the greater saphenous vein for coronary
bypass surgery. He has observed that this vein
runs
Superficial to the fascia lata of the thigh
A 52-year-old woman slipped and fell
and now complains of being unable to extend
her leg at the knee joint. Which of the following
muscles was paralyzed as a result of this
accident?
Quadricep femoris
A patient experiences weakness in dorsiflexing
and inverting the foot. Which of the following
muscles is damaged?
Tibialis anterior
Questions 16 to 20: A 62-year-old woman slips
and falls on the bathroom floor. As a result, she
has a posterior dislocation of the hip joint and a
fracture of the neck of the femur.
OHK
- Rupture of the ligamentum teres capitis
femoris may lead to damage to a branch of
which of the following arteries?
Obturator
- Fracture of the neck of the femur results in
avascular necrosis of the femoral head, probably
resulting from lack of blood supply from
which of the following arteries?
Mdial femoral circumflex
18.If the acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior
margin by dislocation of the hip
joint, which of the following bones could be
involved?
ILIUM
- The woman experiences weakness when
abducting and medially rotating the thigh after
this accident. Which of the following muscles is
most likely damaged?
Gluteus minimus
- The woman undergoes hip surgery. If all of
the arteries that are part of the cruciate anastomosis
of the upper thigh are ligated, which of
the following arteries maintains blood flow?
Superior Gluteal