LOWER LIMBS :Glutes & Posterior Thigh Flashcards
Gluteal Region
Prominent area post. to pelvis
Gluteal Region is bounded by….
Superolaterally: Iliac crest, greater
trochanter & ASIS
• Inferiorly: Gluteal fold
Gluteal Region
Sacrotuberal ligament is formed by….
Lesser sciatic foramen: passageway to
perineum.
Gluteal Region
Sacrospinous ligament is formed by…..
Greater sciatic foramen: passage way to pelvis.
Gluteal Region (Superficial muscles): Gluteus maximus
Chief extensor of the thigh; also laterally
rotates the thigh.
Gluteal Region (Superficial muscles)
Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
APARTE : Tensor fascia lata (lat. thigh)
Deep to gluteus maximus
• Abduct and medially rotate the thigh (rotacion medial hacia adentro)
Gluteal Region DEEP MUSCLES (ACTION)
Laterally rotate the thigh
Mention muscles that belongs to DEEP MUSCLES
Piriformis, superior gemellus, obturator
internus, inferior gemellus, and quadratus
femoris.
Gluteus Maximus
ACTION
Extension of thigh
Lateral rotation of thigh
Abduction of thigh
Gluteus Maximus
ORIGIN
Ilium (ala)
Sacrum
Coccyx
Gluteus Maximus
INNERVATION
Inferior gluteal nerve (Medius & minimus)
COMMENTS: climbing stairs & not important to walking
Gluteus Medius
ACTION
DOWNARD & FOWARD MOVEMENTS
Actua en sicronia con el minimus
Gluteus Medius
Insertion
Femur (greater trochanter)
Gluteus Medius
Innervation
Superior gluteal nerve
Comment:
- Lowering (“tilting” downward) pelvis on weight-bearing
side allows non weight-bearing limb to swing forward
during walking
- Acts with gluteus minimus
Clinical Relevance: Trendelenburg Sign
Drop of the pelvis when lifting the leg opposite to weak gluteus medius.
Superior gluteal nerve damage.
Gluteus Minimus
ACTION
Abduction of the thigh (non weight-bearing).
Lower pelvis on weight - bearing side
Gluteus Minimus
Comment:
(“tilting” downward)
Act with gluteus medius
Muscle of the Lateral Thigh/Gluteal Region
Tensor fasciae latae (MUSCULO)
ACTION
Flexion of femur
Abduction of femur
Medial rotation of femur
Stabilizes knee in full extension
Muscle of the Lateral Thigh/Gluteal Region
ORIGIN Tensor fasciae latae (MUSCULO)
Ilium (crest and anterior superior iliac
spine)
Muscle of the Lateral Thigh/Gluteal Region
INSERTION Tensor fasciae latae (MUSCULO)
Iliotibial tract
Deep Muscles of Gluteal Region
ACTION OF PIRIFORMIS
Lateral rotation of thigh
Deep Muscles of Gluteal Region
INPORTANT ASPECT OF PIRIFORMIS
corelacionado con el nervio siatico ;si hay un dano en el piriformis se comprime el siatico.
Exits pelvis through greater sciatic foramen (lo forma el ischiopubis).
Paresthesia
Numbness
Cuales son las condiciones que afecta al siatico?
sacroilitis
herniated discs (L3 L5)
problema con el musculo piriformis (hinchazon)
sacroilitis ( inflamacion del sacro & ilum)
Inyecciones se pone en ….
Superior Outer Quadrant
Obturator Internus
ACTION
Lateral rotation of thigh
Obturator Internus
IMPORTANT ASPECTS
Tendon exits pelvis through lesser
sciatic foramen
Obturator Internus
ORIGIN
Pubis
Ischium
Obturator membrane (pelvic
surface)
Obturator Internus
Insertion
Greater throchanter
Obturator Internus
IMPORTANT ASPECTS
Tendon exits pelvis through lesser
sciatic foramen
Superior & Inferior Gemelli
ACTION
Lateral rotation of thigh
Superior & Inferior Gemelli
ORIGIN
Superior gemellus: ischium (spine)
Inferior gemellus: ischium
(tuberosity)
Quadratus Femoris
ACTION
Lateral rotation of thigh
Quadratus Femoris
ORIGIN
Ischium (tuberosity)
Quadratus Femoris
INSETION
Femur (intertrochanteric crest)
What is Gluteal Bursa?
Membranous sacs containing a capillary layer of synovial fluid.
Separate gluteus maximus from other structures.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE:
Bursitis
Localized pain (cuando esta en movimiento, (accion)) ES LA CLAVE PRINCIPAL. Repetitive hip extension.
Trochanteric bursa
Between greater trochanter & gluteus maximus.
Gluetofemural bursa
POSTERIOR
Between IT band and Vastus lateralis.
Ischial bursa
POSTERIOR
Between gluteus maximus & ischial tuberosity.
Thigh Muscles That Move the Knee Joint/Leg
Muscles of the thigh’s posterior
compartment: Hamstring muscles
composite of three muscles
Compartments of Hamstring muscles
BICEP FEMORIS
HAS TWO LEGS Flexes leg; also laterally rotates leg when leg is flexed • Only long head part of hamstring m.