Lower Limb ROM

Question 1

Describe the arthrokinematics of the knee during weight bearing flexion and extension.

Answer 1

During flexion the femoral condyles roll posteriorly and slide anteriorly
During extension the femoral condyles roll anteriorly and slide posteriorly

Question 2

Describe the arthrokinematics of the knee during non-weight bearing flexion and extension.

Answer 2

During flexion the tibial condyles slide posteriorly on the femoral condyles
During extension the tibial condyles slide anteriorly on the femoral condyles

Question 3

The patella slides _____ in extension and ______ in flexion in the patellofemoral groove

Answer 3

superiorly

inferiorly

Question 4

Describe the arthrokinematics of the knee during weight bearing medial and lateral rotation.

Answer 4

During medial rotation the lateral femoral condyle slides posteriorly on the tibia and the medial femoral condyle slides anteriorly on the tibia.
During lateral rotation, the lateral femoral condyle slides anteriorly on the tibia and the medial femoral condyle slides posteriorly on the tibia.

Question 5

Describe the arthrokinematics of the knee during non-weight bearing medial and lateral rotation.

Answer 5

During medial rotation, the lateral tibial plateau slides anteriorly on the lateral femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau slides posteriorly on the medial femoral condyle.
During lateral rotation, the lateral tibial plateau slides posteriorly on the lateral femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau slides anteriorly on the medial femoral condyle.

Question 6

Pronation describes the combination of what 3 movements?

Answer 6

eversion, abduction, and dorsiflexion

Question 7

Supination describes the combination of what 3 movements?

Answer 7

inversion, adduction, and plantarflexion

Question 8

Dorsiflexion brings the foot up and slightly _____.

Answer 8

lateral

Question 9

Plantarflexion brings the foot down and slightly ____.

Answer 9

medial

Question 10

Describe the arthrokinematics at the talocrural joint during weight-bearing dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Answer 10

During dorsiflexion the tibia glides anteriorly on the talus

During plantarflexion the tibia glides posteriorly on the talus

Question 11

Describe the arthrokinematics at the talocrural joint during non-weight-bearing dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Answer 11

During dorsiflexion the talus glides posteriorly and rolls anteriorly
During plantarflexion the talus glides anteriorly and rolls posteriorly

Question 12

What are the 2 motions permitted at the subtalar joint?

Answer 12

supination and pronation

Question 13

Supination and pronation occur about an ____ axis

Answer 13

oblique

Question 14

What is the subtalar neutral position?

Answer 14

The position where:

 - the bisecting line of the calcaneus is perpendicular to the ground 
 - the bisecting line of the tibia is perpendicular to the ground 
 - the plantar surface of the metatarsal heads are parallel to the ground