Lower Limb Muscles - Origins and Insertions Flashcards
Psoas minor
O: Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and intervertebral discs
I: Pectineal line of pubis
missing in lots of bodys
Psoas major
O: Transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae; sides of bodies of vertebrae T12-L5 and intervertebral discs in between
I: Lesser trochanter of femur
Iliacus
O: Iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and sacro-iliac ligaments
I: Lesser trochanter of femur
Sartorius
O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: Anterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia (pes anserinus)
Tensor fasciae latae
O: Anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of iliac crest
I: Iliotibial band, which attaches to antero-lateral tubercle of the tibia
Iliotibial band
O: Femur via the lateral intermuscular septum
I: Lateral Proximal tibia (Gerdy’s tubercle)
Gluteus maximus
O: Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal lower sacrum and coccyx, erector spinae aponeurosis and sacrotuberous ligament
I: Iliotibial tract which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia and gluteal tuberosity
Gluteus medius
O: External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
Gluteus minimus
O: External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter of femur
Piriformis
O: Anterior surface of sacrum
I: Greater trochanter of femur
Superior gemellus
O: Ischial spine
I: Greater Trochanter - Trochanteric fossa of femur
Obturator internus
O: Internal surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
I: Greater Trochanter - Trochanteric fossa of femur
Inferior gemellus
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Greater Trochanter - Trochanteric fossa of femur
Obturator externus
O: External margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
I: Greater Trochanter - Trochanteric fossa of femur
Quadratus femoris
O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I: Quadrate tubercle
Gracilis
O: Anterior body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
I: Anterior surface of medial condyle of tibia (Pes Anserinus)
Adductor longus
O: Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
I: Middle third of linea aspera of femur
Pectineus
O: Pectineal line; a part of superior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line of femur
Adductor brevis
O: Body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
I: Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
Adductor magnus (Add & Ex hamstrings)
O: Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium.
O: Ex-Hamstrings part: ischial tuberosity
I: Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line.
I: Ex-Hamstrings part: adductor tubercle of femur
Rectus Femoris
O: Anterior inferior iliac spine
I: Quadriceps tendon - patella tendon - tibial tuberosity
Semitendinosus
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial surface of superior part of tibia (pes anserinus)
Semimembranosus
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
Biceps femoris (Short & Long head (origin only))
O: Long head: Ischial tuberosity.
O: Short head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
I: Lateral side of head of fibula
Tibialis anterior
O: Lateral tibial condyle, proximal and lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
I: Plantar surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
Extensor digitorum longus
O: Lateral tibial condyle, upper 2/3 anterior fibular and interosseous membrane
I: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-4 via dorsal digit expansion
Extensor hallucis longus
O: Middle medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Dorsal base of distal phalanx of hallux
Fibularis tertius
O: Distal 1/3 of fibula and interosseous membrane
I: Dorsal surface of base of 5th metatarsal
Fibularis longus
O: Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
I: Plantar base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Fibularis brevis
O: Distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
I: Styloid process of the 5th metatarsal
Popliteus
O: Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur
I: Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
Gastrocnemius
O: Lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
Medial head: popliteal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle
I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Soleus
O: Posterior aspect of head of fibula, soleal line, and middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia
I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Plantaris
O: Lateral supracondylar line of femur
I: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Flexor hallucis longus
O: Inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)
Flexor digitorum longus
O: Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; by a broad tendon to fibula
I: Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Tibialis posterior
O: Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and posterior surface of fibula
I: Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform bones, cuboid, sustentaculum tali (calcaneus), bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals
Vastus Medialis
O: Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur.
I: Quadriceps tendon - patella tendon - tibial tuberosity
Vastus Intermedius
O: Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
I: Quadriceps tendon - patella tendon - tibial tuberosity
Vastus Lateralis
O: Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
I: Quadriceps tendon - patella tendon - tibial tuberosity
Articularis Genu
Beneath vastus intermedius
Distal anterior surface of femur.
