Lower Limb Lecture

Question 1

When are bounding pulses usually seen?

Answer 1

Fever
Aortic insufficiency
Complete heart block
Thyrotoxicosis
Systolic hypertension

Question 2

What is abnormal cap refill usually due to

Answer 2

vasospasm

structural changes to alrge vessels

Question 3

How to tell if it’s pitting edmea

Answer 3

press firmly with your tumb for at least 5 seconds over area of max swelling, in indentation remains for over 5 seconds it’s considered pitting edema

Question 4

Systemic diseases causing pitting can be due to

Answer 4

protein rich exudate

Question 5

Systemic disease causing non-pitting can be due to

Answer 5

lack of protein in exudate

Question 6

1+ pitting

Answer 6

2mm

Question 7

2+ pitting

Answer 7

4mm

Question 8

3+ pitting

Answer 8

6mm

Question 9

4+pitting

Answer 9

8mm

Question 10

non-palpable lesions

Answer 10

macule

patch

Question 11

Which is larger, a macule or a patch?

Answer 11

patch

Question 12

palpable, solid lesions

Answer 12

papule
nodule
tumor
plaque

Question 13

clear, fluid filled lesion

Answer 13

vesicle

bulla

Question 14

cloudy, pus filled lesion

Answer 14

pustule

abscess

Question 15

secondary lesions

Answer 15

erosion, crust, scale, fissure, ulcer, lichenification, atrophy, exociration, scar, keloid

Question 16

Things that can cause thick, dystrophic toenails

Answer 16

Trauma
Onychmycosis
Eczema
Circulatory problems
Lichen planus
Yellow nail syndrome
Psoriasis
Tumor

Question 17

What can cause dry skin

Answer 17

not enough sweat glands
tinea pedis
psoriasis
eczemia

Question 18

What 3 systems are evaluated of peripheral nerves

Answer 18

motor
sensory
autonomic function

Question 19

Spinothalamic tract problem

Answer 19

sharp, dull pain
temperature
pt complains of burning or cramping

Question 20

Posterior column problem

Answer 20

position
vibration
fine touch
pt complains of pins and needles or electric shock

Question 21

Touch simuli problem indicates

Answer 21

small fiver disease

Question 22

Normal touch siuli

Answer 22

7/10 areas

Question 23

Sharp stimuli problem indicates

Answer 23

small fiber disease

Question 24

Temperature problem indicates

Answer 24

small fiber disease

Question 25

Vibration problem indicates

Answer 25

large fiber disease

Question 26

Position sense problem indicates

Answer 26

large fiber disease

Question 27

0/4 tendon reflexes

Answer 27

hypo reflexive, lower motor neuron disease

Question 28

2/4 tendon reflexes

Answer 28

normal

Question 29

4/4 tendon reflexes

Answer 29

hyperflexive, upper motor neuron disease

Question 30

What is the knee reflex innervated by

Answer 30

L2,3,4

Question 31

What is ankle reflex innervated by

Answer 31

S1,2

Question 32

What is superficial reflex, or plantar response innervated by

Answer 32

L4-S2

Question 33

Babinski response

Answer 33

indicates upper motor neuron disease

Question 34

If pt is able to stand on tiptoes but not on heels

Answer 34

peripheral neuropathy

Question 35

if pt is able to stand on heels but not tiptoes

Answer 35

spinal lesion