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Clin Med > Abdomen Lab > Flashcards

Abdomen Lab Flashcards

1
Q

distension from umbilicus to pubic symphysis could mean

A

ovarian tumor, uterine fibroids, bladder distension, pregnancy

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2
Q

distension above umbilicus could mena

A

cancer or pancreatic cyst

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3
Q

lateral asymmetry could be

A

hernia, tumor, cyst, bowel obstruction, enlarged organ, muscle or soft tissue hematoma

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4
Q

ascites

A

makes skin of abdomen appear to glisten, or gives a taut appearance

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5
Q

superficial venous dilation could mean

A

portal hypertension

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6
Q

bulging near the umbilicus could mean

A

umbilical hernia

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7
Q

cullen’s sign

A

ecchymosis around umbilicus due to internal bleeding

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8
Q

grey turne’s sign

A

ecchymosis of flanks

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9
Q

purple straie

A

symptom of cushing disease

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10
Q

rippling movment of abdomen could mean

A

obstruction

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11
Q

marked pulsations in abdomen could mean

A

increased pulse pressure of abdominal aortic aneurism

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12
Q

increased bowl sounds could mean

A

gastreoenteritis, early bowl obstruction

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13
Q

decreased bowel sounds could mean

A

peritonitis and paralytic ileus

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14
Q

bruit in abdomen could mean

A

turbulence of blood flow, usually seen in vascular disease

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15
Q

what is the predominate sound of the abdomen

A

tympany

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16
Q

how do you find the borders of the liver

A

when the sound switches from tympani to dull

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17
Q

how large is the liver normally

A

6 to 12 cm

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18
Q

how may the liver be different in the eldery

A

smaller, shifted downward

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19
Q

what do you suspect if percussion elicits tenderness for the patient

A

peritonitis

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20
Q

guarding is a ____ contraction of muscles

A

voluntary

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21
Q

rigitidy is an ____ contraction of muscles

A

involuntary

22
Q

normally what happens in abdominal reflexes

A

umbilicus moves toward the quadrant the doctor touches, abdominal muscles contract

23
Q

no abdominal reflex could mean

A

disease of pyramidal tract, nerves are damaged

24
Q

when do you do a murphy’s test

A

abdominal pain in upper quadrants
pain radiates to between the shoulder blades
pathology of gallbladder is suspected

25
Q

steps of murphy’s test

A

pt lays supine
palpate right upper quadrant
hook fingers under the costal margin about the mid-calvicular line and have the pt take a deep breath

26
Q

normal murphy’s sign

A

pt continues with respiration without a pause

27
Q

positive murphy’s sign

A

patient has inspiration arrest

28
Q

when do you do a McBurney’s test

A

you suspect peritoneal irritation from something like appendicitis

29
Q

how do you do a McBurney’s test

A

pt is supine

palpate on a line going form ASIS to umbilcus

30
Q

normal McBurney’s sign

A

non-tender, pain is not elevated at one specific point

31
Q

postivie McBurney’s sign

A

maximal pain and tenderness caused by the pressure of palpation is at the exact point on line between ASIS and umbilicus

32
Q

How do you do obturator test

A

pt supine
flex hip and knee to 90
internally and externally rotate hip

33
Q

normal obturator test

A

no increased pain

34
Q

positive obturator test

A

increased abdominal pain with internal and external rotation

35
Q

how do you do a iliopsoas test

A

pt supine

with leg straight or slightly bent pt elevates leg against resistant

36
Q

normal iliopsoas test

A

no increase in abdominal pain

37
Q

positive ilioposas test

A

increased in pain with hip flexion

38
Q

how do you do a heel jar test

A

pt stand with knees straight and on their tiptoes, have them drop to flat footed position

39
Q

normal heel jar test

A

no increased pain

40
Q

positive heel jar test

A

increased pain

41
Q

rovsing’s sign

A

right lower quadrant pain increased when palpating lower left quadrant.

42
Q

kehr sign

A

abdominal pain radiating to left shoulder. indicative of spleen problem

43
Q

aaron sign

A

pain or distress occurs in area of pt’s heart or stomach on palpation of mcburney’s point

44
Q

aaron sign means

A

appendicitis

45
Q

ballance sign

A

fixed dullness to percussion in the left flank and dullness in the right flank that disappears on change of position

46
Q

ballance sign means

A

peritoneal irritation

47
Q

blumberg sign

A

rebound tenderness

48
Q

blumberg sign means

A

peritoneal irritation, appendicitis

49
Q

dance sign

A

absence of bowel sounds in the right lower quadrant

50
Q

dance sign means

A

intussuscpetion

51
Q

romberg-howship sign

A

pain down the medial aspect of the thigh to the knees

52
Q

romberg howship sign means

A

strangulated obturator hernia

Clin Med (19 decks)

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