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ortho & rheum > LOWER LIMB INJURIES > Flashcards

LOWER LIMB INJURIES Flashcards

1
Q

What does valgus displacement mean?

A

Deviation away from the midline

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2
Q

What is the main function of the lateral collateral ligament?

A

Restraint in varus angulation

Provides restraint with the MCL to axial rotation

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3
Q

When is the lateral collateral ligament tight?

A

During extension

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4
Q

What is the degree of external rotation that the knee allows?

A

About 10 degrees

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5
Q

What is in the first layer of the lateral structures of the knee?

A

Iliotibial tract

Biceps femoris

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6
Q

What is in the second layer of the lateral structures of the knee?

A

Patellar retinaculum

Patellofemoral ligament

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7
Q

What is in the third layer of the lateral structures of the knee? (Name 8 structures)

A 
Lateral collateral ligament
Fabellofibular ligament
Lateral geniculate artery
Arcuate ligament
Coronary ligament
Popliteus tendon
Popliteo fibular ligament
Capsule
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8
Q

What is in the first layer of the medial structures in the knee?

A

Sartorius

Patellar retinaculum

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9
Q

What is in the second layer of the medial structures in the knee?

A

Semimembranosus
Superficial medial collateral ligament
Posterior oblique ligament

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10
Q

What is in the third layer of the medial structures in the knee?

A

Deep MCL
Capsule
Coronary ligament

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11
Q

What is the primary function of the anterior cruciate ligament?

A

Resist anterolateral displacement of the tibia on the femur

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12
Q

What is the secondary function of the anterior cruciate ligament?

A

Resist varus displacement at 0 degrees of flexion

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13
Q

What is the origin of the ACL?

A

Posteromedial corner of medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle in the intercondylar notch.

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14
Q

What is the insertion of the ACL?

A

Anterior to the intercondyloid eminence of the tibia

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15
Q

What are the two bundles that make up the anterior cruciate ligament?

A

Anterior medial bundle

Posterior lateral bundle

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16
Q

What is the blood supply to the anterior cruciate ligament?

A

Medial geniculate artery

17
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the ACL?

A

Articular branches of the tibial nerve

18
Q

What is the collagen composition of the ACL?

A

90% type I

10% type III

19
Q

What is the primary function of the posterior cruciate ligament?

A

Prevent posterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur
Posterolateral rotatory instability

20
Q

What is the secondary function of the PCL?

A

Resists varus displacement in 0 degrees of flexion

21
Q

Where does the posterior cruciate ligament originate?

A

Medial femoral condyle

22
Q

What does varus displacement mean?

A

Displacement towards the midline

23
Q

Where does the PCL insert?

A

Tibial sulcus
Medial intercondylar ridge
(Finish this)

24
Q

What are the two bundles that make up the posterior cruciate ligament?

A

Anterior lateral bundle

Posterior medial bundle

ortho & rheum (28 decks)

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