lower limb: blood, passages for blood

Question 1

where can common fibular nerve often be damagde

Answer 1

lateral knee area, it wraps around the fibula laterally from popliteal fossa into lower leg. nerve can roll to be just below the head of the fibula where the biceps femoris attaches.

Question 2

where are injections given in gluteal area?

Answer 2

upper outer quadrant of gluteal region, in anterior corner. this is to avoid sciatic nerve and the inferior and superior gluteal nerves and vessels

Question 3

what is the saphenous ring?

Answer 3

great saphenous vein passes from superficial fascia through deep fascia , to connect with the femoral vein. On anterior of the thigh just inferior to the medial end of the inguinal ligament.

Question 4

what is femoral triangle and function?

Answer 4

it is a passage between the abdomen and the lower limb,

-femoral nerve, artery and vein go under inguinal ligament into femoral triangle

Question 5

what is the adductor hiatus?

Answer 5

allows passage of the femoral artery and associated veins between adductor canal (anteromedial of thigh) and popliteal fossa

Question 6

what is the popliteal fossa?

Answer 6

diamond shaped back of knee. Passage - popliteal artery and vein, tibial nerve

Question 7

what are the locations for taking pulse in lower limb?

Answer 7

femoral pulse in femoral triangle, popliteal pulse in popliteal fossa, posterior tibial pulse in tarsal tunnel (posterior tibial artery), dorsal pedius on dorsal part of the foot (dorsalis pedis artery)

Question 8

what are the pleural recesses called and what are they?

Answer 8

costodiaphragmatic and costomediastinal recesses- reserved spaces in pleural cavity

• forced inspiration only
• fluid can collect and can be aspirated from these spaces.

Question 9

follow blood drop from heart to toes

Answer 9

two options :

1. left ventricle-> ascending aorta -> aortic arch -> thoracic aorta -> abdominal arota-> common iliac artery-> external iliac artery -> femoral and deep femoral arteries -> popliteal artery -> anterior tibial -> dorsal pedal artery -> arcuate artery -> dorsal metatarsal arteries-> digital arteries
2. left ventricle -> ascending aorta -> aortic arch -> thoracic aorta -> abdominal aorta-> common iliac artery -> external iliac artery -> femoral and deep femoral arteries -> popliteal artery -> posterior tibial arteries (plus fibular)-> lateral and medial plantar arteries -> deep plantar arch -> plantar metatarsal arteries -> digital arteries

Question 10

follow a drop of blood from the heart to the hip

Answer 10

1. left ventricle -> ascending aorta -> aortic arch -> thoracic artery -> abdominal aorta -> common iliac artery ->internal iliac artery -> superior gluteal artery/ inferior gluteal artery/obturator artery
2. left ventricle -> ascending aorta -> aortic arch -> thoracic aorta -> abdominal aorta -> common iliac artery -> external iliac artery -> femoral artery -> deep femoral artery -> medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

(terminal from 1 and 2 meet together)

Question 11

follow a drop of blood from heart to femoral head ligament

Answer 11

left ventricle -> ascending aorta -> aortic arch -> thoracic aorta -> abdominal aorta->common iliac artery -> internal iliac artery ->obturator artery -> acetabular branch -> artery of ligament of head of femur

Question 12

follow a drop of blood from toes to heart, deep return

Answer 12

digital and metacarpal veins -> dorsal venous arch and plantar veins -> dorsal pedal vein -> anterior tibial/fibular vein ->posterior tibial vein -> popliteal vein -> femoral vein -> external iliac vein -> common iliac vein -> inferior vena cava -> right atrium

Question 13

follow a drop of blood from thigh to heart , deep return

Answer 13

deep femoral vein -> femoral vein -> external iliac vein -> common iliac vein -> inferior vena cava -> right atrium

Question 14

follow a drop of blood from the foot to the heart , superficial return

Answer 14

1. dorsal venous arch -> small saphenous vein -> popliteal vein -> femoral vein-> external iliac vein->common iliac vein -> inferior vena cava -> right atrium
2. dorsal venous arch -> great saphenous vein -> femoral vein -> external iliac vein -> common iliac vein -> inferior vena cava -> right atrium