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GR Yr2 Anatomy > Lower Limb > Flashcards

Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Sciatic nerve

A

L4-S3

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2
Q

Femoral nerve

A

L2,3,4

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3
Q

Obturator nerve

A

L2,3,4

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4
Q

What is the collective name for ligaments of the hip?

A

Spiral ligaments

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5
Q

Name the spiral ligaments

A

Iliofemoral
Ischiofemoral
Pubofemoral

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6
Q

What are the two main arteries to head of femur?

A

Medial and lateral circumflex arteries

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7
Q

How many articulations at the knee and what are they?

A

3:
Tibiofemoral (medial)
Tibiofemoral (lateral)
Patellofemoral

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8
Q

Name the intra-articular ligaments of the knee

A

ACL

PCL

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9
Q

Name all the knee ligaments

A 
ACL
PCL
Lateral collateral
Medial collateral
Medial menisci
Lateral menisci
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10
Q

Describe difference between lateral and medial collaterals

A

Medial is much stronger and rope like

Lateral is more of a cord as not so much varus stress

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11
Q

Where is safe to inject bum and what are you worried about

A

Trying to avoid vasculature

Inject lateral superior quadrant

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12
Q

Pudendal nerve

A

S2,3,4

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13
Q

Name superficial muscles of gluteal region

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Tensor fascia lata

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14
Q

Innervation to superficial muscles of gluteal region

A

All by superior gluteal nerve except maximus which is inferior gluteal nerve

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15
Q

Name deep muscles of gluteal region

A 
Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior Gemellus
Quadratus femoris
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16
Q

Innervation to deep muscles of gluteal region

A

Sacral plexus

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17
Q

What is damaged in positive trendelenberg gait

A

Superior gluteal nerve meaning weak hip abductors (esp glut medius)

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18
Q

Where does sciatic exit

A

inferior to piriformis

19
Q

What are the two divisions of sciatic nerve?

A

Tibial nerve and common fibular

20
Q

What are the compartments of the thigh?

A

anterior, posterior, medial

21
Q

What are the compartments of the leg?

A

Anterior, posterior and lateral

22
Q

Name for compartment surgery

A

Fasciotomy

23
Q

Anterior thigh muscles, hip flexors

A

Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartorius
Rectus femoris

24
Q

Anterior thigh muscles, leg extensors

A

Rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius

25
Q

Innervation of anterior thigh

A

femoral nerve L2,3,4

except iliopsoas which is L1,2,3

26
Q

Contents of femoral triangle

A

Nerve (femoral)
Artery (femoral)
Vein (femoral)
Lymphatics

27
Q

Boundaries of femoral triangle

A 
Superior = inguinal ligament
Medial = adductor longus
Lateral = sartorius
Floor = iliopsoas and pectineus
28
Q

Muscles in medial thigh and action

A 
Adduction:
Adductor magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Obturator externus
29
Q

Innervation of medial thigh

A

Obturator nerve, L2,3,4

30
Q

Muscles in posterior thigh and action

A

Extend thigh and flex leg:
Semitendinosus (medial)
Semimembrinosus (even more medial)
Biceps femoris (lateral)

31
Q

Innervation to posterior thigh

A

Tibial division of sciatic (tibial nerve)

32
Q

Superficial muscles of posterior leg

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

33
Q

Deep muscles of posterior leg

A

Popliteus
Flexor hallicus longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior

34
Q

Innervation to posterior thigh

A

All tibial nerve

35
Q

Muscles of anterior compartment of leg

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallicus longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius

36
Q

Innervation to anterior leg muscles

A

Deep fibular

37
Q

Muscles of lateral compartment of leg

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

38
Q

Innervation to lateral leg muscles

A

Superficial fibular

39
Q

Consequence of deep fibular nerve injury

A

foot drop as no extensor action

40
Q

Name for achilles tendon

A

Calcaneous tendon

41
Q

What is the achilles tendon

A

Tendons of gastrocnemius and soles together that attaches at back of heel (calcaneus tuberosity)

42
Q

Where do the medial and lateral circumflex arteries branch off?

A

Profunda femorus artery

43
Q

What is the profunda femorus aftery a branch of?

A

Femoral artery

GR Yr2 Anatomy (11 decks)

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