Lower Limb

Question 1

Sciatic nerve

Answer 1

L4-S3

Question 2

Femoral nerve

Answer 2

L2,3,4

Question 3

Obturator nerve

Answer 3

L2,3,4

Question 4

What is the collective name for ligaments of the hip?

Answer 4

Spiral ligaments

Question 5

Name the spiral ligaments

Answer 5

Iliofemoral
Ischiofemoral
Pubofemoral

Question 6

What are the two main arteries to head of femur?

Answer 6

Medial and lateral circumflex arteries

Question 7

How many articulations at the knee and what are they?

Answer 7

3:
Tibiofemoral (medial)
Tibiofemoral (lateral)
Patellofemoral

Question 8

Name the intra-articular ligaments of the knee

Answer 8

ACL

PCL

Question 9

Name all the knee ligaments

Answer 9

ACL
PCL
Lateral collateral
Medial collateral
Medial menisci
Lateral menisci

Question 10

Describe difference between lateral and medial collaterals

Answer 10

Medial is much stronger and rope like

Lateral is more of a cord as not so much varus stress

Question 11

Where is safe to inject bum and what are you worried about

Answer 11

Trying to avoid vasculature

Inject lateral superior quadrant

Question 12

Pudendal nerve

Answer 12

S2,3,4

Question 13

Name superficial muscles of gluteal region

Answer 13

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Tensor fascia lata

Question 14

Innervation to superficial muscles of gluteal region

Answer 14

All by superior gluteal nerve except maximus which is inferior gluteal nerve

Question 15

Name deep muscles of gluteal region

Answer 15

Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior Gemellus
Quadratus femoris

Question 16

Innervation to deep muscles of gluteal region

Answer 16

Sacral plexus

Question 17

What is damaged in positive trendelenberg gait

Answer 17

Superior gluteal nerve meaning weak hip abductors (esp glut medius)

Question 18

Where does sciatic exit

Answer 18

inferior to piriformis

Question 19

What are the two divisions of sciatic nerve?

Answer 19

Tibial nerve and common fibular

Question 20

What are the compartments of the thigh?

Answer 20

anterior, posterior, medial

Question 21

What are the compartments of the leg?

Answer 21

Anterior, posterior and lateral

Question 22

Name for compartment surgery

Answer 22

Fasciotomy

Question 23

Anterior thigh muscles, hip flexors

Answer 23

Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartorius
Rectus femoris

Question 24

Anterior thigh muscles, leg extensors

Answer 24

Rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius

Question 25

Innervation of anterior thigh

Answer 25

femoral nerve L2,3,4 | except iliopsoas which is L1,2,3

Question 26

Contents of femoral triangle

Answer 26

Nerve (femoral) Artery (femoral) Vein (femoral) Lymphatics

Question 27

Boundaries of femoral triangle

Answer 27

``` Superior = inguinal ligament Medial = adductor longus Lateral = sartorius Floor = iliopsoas and pectineus ```

Question 28

Muscles in medial thigh and action

Answer 28

``` Adduction: Adductor magnus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Gracilis Obturator externus ```

Question 29

Innervation of medial thigh

Answer 29

Obturator nerve, L2,3,4

Question 30

Muscles in posterior thigh and action

Answer 30

Extend thigh and flex leg: Semitendinosus (medial) Semimembrinosus (even more medial) Biceps femoris (lateral)

Question 31

Innervation to posterior thigh

Answer 31

Tibial division of sciatic (tibial nerve)

Question 32

Superficial muscles of posterior leg

Answer 32

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

Question 33

Deep muscles of posterior leg

Answer 33

Popliteus Flexor hallicus longus Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior

Question 34

Innervation to posterior thigh

Answer 34

All tibial nerve

Question 35

Muscles of anterior compartment of leg

Answer 35

Tibialis anterior Extensor hallicus longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius

Question 36

Innervation to anterior leg muscles

Answer 36

Deep fibular

Question 37

Muscles of lateral compartment of leg

Answer 37

Fibularis longus | Fibularis brevis

Question 38

Innervation to lateral leg muscles

Answer 38

Superficial fibular

Question 39

Consequence of deep fibular nerve injury

Answer 39

foot drop as no extensor action

Question 40

Name for achilles tendon

Answer 40

Calcaneous tendon

Question 41

What is the achilles tendon

Answer 41

Tendons of gastrocnemius and soles together that attaches at back of heel (calcaneus tuberosity)

Question 42

Where do the medial and lateral circumflex arteries branch off?

Answer 42

Profunda femorus artery

Question 43

What is the profunda femorus aftery a branch of?

Answer 43

Femoral artery