Eye Anatomy

Question 1

Name the muscles innervated by CNIII

Answer 1

Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Medial rectus
Inferior oblique
Levator palebrae superioris 
Sphincter pupillae 
Dilator pupillae?

Question 2

Innervation to lacrimal gland

Answer 2

CNVII

Question 3

What is the Fovea?

Answer 3

Centre of the macula

Question 4

Where is aqueous humour produced?

Answer 4

Ciliary body epithelium (pigmented and non-pigmented layer)

Question 5

Innervation to orbicularis oculi?

Answer 5

CNVII

Question 6

What is the innervation to supples sphincter papillae? (specific)

Answer 6

Parasympathetic fibres of CNIII

Question 7

What veins does the eye drain into?

Answer 7

Via inferior and superior ophthalmic veins into the cavernous sinus
Anteriorly into facial vein

Question 8

How does CSF drain?

Answer 8

Via arachnoid villi into dural venous sinus

Question 9

Describe the formation of aqueous humour

Answer 9

CO2 and H2O is made into HCO3 (bicarbonate) and H+ by carbonic anhydrase in PIGMENTED epithelium
HCO3 and H+ are swapped out into blood to bring Cl and Na in
Cl and Na go into non-pigmented epithelium and into posterior chamber

Question 10

Name the parts of the fibrous layer of the eyeball

Answer 10

sclera + cornea

Question 11

What cells produces CSF?

Answer 11

Ependymal cells of the choroid plexus

Question 12

Innervation to levator palpebrae superioris?

Answer 12

CNIII

Question 13

What side of ciliary body is pigmented epithelium on?

Answer 13

Basal side - layer of epithlium that is NOT in contact with the aqueous humour

Question 14

Where is the subarachnoid space?

Answer 14

Between brain and meninges

Question 15

What is the purpose of the ciliary body?

Answer 15

controls iris
control shape of lens
secretes aqueous humour

Question 16

Name the parts of the retinal layer

Answer 16

retina, optic disc and macula

Question 17

How does CSF get from two lateral ventricles to 3rd ventricle?

Answer 17

Via two inter ventricular foramina

Question 18

Layers of meninges from outer to inner

Answer 18

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 19

Name the ventricles

Answer 19

2x lateral ventricles

3rd ventricle and 4th ventricle

Question 20

What is contained in the anterior segment?

Answer 20

Anterior chamber = cornea to iris, contains aqueous humour

Posterior chamber = iris to suspensory ligaments, contains aqueous humour

Question 21

Name the 6 intrinsic muscles of the eye

Answer 21

Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Superior oblique
Inferior oblique

Question 22

Name the parts of the uvea layer of the eyeball

Answer 22

iris, ciliary body, choroid

Question 23

Innervation of superior oblique

Answer 23

CNIV, trochlear because of name of pulley

Question 24

Which muscle is innervated by CNVI?

Answer 24

Lateral rectus (abducens)

Question 25

What is contained in the posterior segment?

Answer 25

Vitreous body and vitreous humour

Question 26

How does CSF get from 3th ventricles to 4rd ventricle?

Answer 26

Via the cerebral aqueduct

Question 27

What is the blind spot

Answer 27

When light hits the optic disc as there are no photoreceptors

Question 28

What is the macula?

Answer 28

Area of retina with greatest density of cones. When focused on an object, the light will be hitting the macula. Seen as the darkest patch on fundoscopy

Question 29

What artery supplies the eye?

Answer 29

Opthalmic artery

Question 30

Function of Choroid?

Answer 30

Vascular part of uvea layer, for gas exchange and nutrition

Question 31

What side of ciliary body is non-pigmented epithelium on?

Answer 31

Apical side - side in contact with humour

Question 32

What is the ion content of CSF like compared to blood?

Answer 32

CSF has higher Na, Cl and bicarbonate

Question 33

Describe the flow of aqueous humour

Answer 33

Ciliary body to posterior chamber to anterior chamber and drains via Canal of Shlemm

Question 34

What is the arterial supply to the eye

Answer 34

Ophthalmic artery that branches to central retinal artery and posterior ciliary arteries