Ear and Nose

Question 1

Where is the organ of corti located?

Answer 1

On top of the basilar membrane of the cochlear duct

Question 2

What is the name of the foramen that the nasopalatine nerve passes through?

Answer 2

Sphenopalatine foramen

Question 3

What is the little nubbin on medial ear called?

Answer 3

Tragus

Question 4

Name the paranasal sinuses

Answer 4

Frontal sinuses
Ethmoid air cells
Sphenoid sinuses
Maxillary sinuses

Question 5

What is the function of the stapedius?

Answer 5

Stops stapes moving too much and protect inner ear from excessive noise

Question 6

What connects the middle ear and mastoid antrum?

Answer 6

Aditus

Question 7

What nerve innervates the top diagonal region of the nasal cavity?

Answer 7

V1 = ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve

More specifically the anterior ethmoidal nerve

Question 8

What is the origin and course of the posterior and anterior ethmoidal arteries?

Answer 8

Branch from ophthalmic artery

Come in lateral to orbit before diving down through the cribriform plate area

Question 9

What chamber does sound enter and exit cochlea?

Answer 9

Goes in and up via scala vestibule (like entering a house through vestibule)
Goes down and out via scala tympani

Question 10

What are the parts of the temporal bone?

Answer 10

Squamous and petrous

Question 11

What type of movement changes do the utricle and saccule detect

Answer 11

linear

Question 12

What nerve innervates the bottoms diagonal region of the nasal cavity?

Answer 12

V2 = Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve

More specifically the nasopalatine nerve

Question 13

Name the semicircular canals

Answer 13

superior, lateral and posterior

Question 14

What and how does the chorda tympani supply the mouth

Answer 14

Supplies taste to anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Parasympathetic supply to submandibular and sublingual glands

Question 15

What are the bones of the nose?

Answer 15

Frontal, nasal, ethmoid bone (perpendicular plate), maxilla, vomer

Question 16

What innervates the internal surface of tympanic membrane?

Answer 16

CNIX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 17

What is the mastoid antrum?

Answer 17

Air space behind the middle ear

Question 18

Describe the pathway for afferent CNI sensory

Answer 18

Receptor cells in olfactory epithelium then through cribriform plate of ethmoid bone and synapse at olfactory bulb. Neurones travel via olfactory tract to temporal lobe of brain.

Question 19

Where does CNIX supply?

Answer 19

Sensory innervation to: Internal TM, middle ear, eustachian tube, down into nasopharynx, oropharynx and tonsils
Hence throat pain can refer to ear and vice versa

Question 20

What are macula

Answer 20

clusters of hair cells

Question 21

What drains to the bulla of the middle meatus?

Answer 21

Middle ethmoidal air cells

Question 22

What type of lymph does the membranous labyrinth contain?

Answer 22

Endolymph

Question 23

What drains to the superior meatus?

Answer 23

Posterior ethmoidal air cells

Question 24

Oval window v round window

Answer 24

Oval window first

Question 25

What is the Kiesselbach's area?

Answer 25

Site where arteries anastomose in nasal cavity | Located on the nasal septum

Question 26

Function of nasal cavity

Answer 26

Filter, humidify and warms air | Olfactory epithelium allows sense of smell

Question 27

What muscles are in the middle ear?

Answer 27

Stapedius | Tensor tympani

Question 28

What drains to the semi lunar hiatus of the middle meatus?

Answer 28

Frontal sinus Maxillary sinus Anterior ethmoidal air cells

Question 29

Where does CNVII come out of brain?

Answer 29

Pontomedullary junction

Question 30

where does sound enter and exit the inner ear?

Answer 30

Oval window | Round window

Question 31

What innervates the external surface of tympanic membrane?

Answer 31

Mostly V3 with some CNX

Question 32

What is the path of CNVII?

Answer 32

Pontomedullary junction then internal acoustic meatus (in postural fossa) then out via stylomastoid foramen

Question 33

What drains to the inferior meatus?

Answer 33

Nasolacrimal duct

Question 34

What innervates the canal?

Answer 34

Little splashes of CNVII Three quarters V3 Bottom and anterior quarter is CNX

Question 35

What bones articulate at pterion?

Answer 35

Frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid

Question 36

What is the most inwardly depressed part of the tympanic membrane called?

Answer 36

Umbo

Question 37

What is the site where arteries anastomose in nasal cavity called

Answer 37

Kiesselbach's area

Question 38

What is the origin of the sphenopalatine artery?

Answer 38

Branch of the maxillary artery (which comes off of ECA)

Question 39

Does perilymph or endolymph stimulate hair cells

Answer 39

Endolymph

Question 40

What is the origin of the greater palatine artery?

Answer 40

Sphenopalatine and before that maxillary

Question 41

What is the name for loss of smell?

Answer 41

Anosmia

Question 42

What is the origin of the lateral nasal artery?

Answer 42

Facial artery

Question 43

What type of lymph does the bony labyrinth contain?

Answer 43

Perilymph

Question 44

Where are balance hair cells found?

Answer 44

In regions called maculae

Question 45

Where is cochlea are high frequencies sensed?

Answer 45

At beginning/base Remember because if have noise damage then lose high pitches first as they would be damaged from first contact with loud noise

Question 46

What innervates the rim of the pina?

Answer 46

Spinal nerves C2, C3

Question 47

What is the area called where four bones meet and what are the bones?

Answer 47

Pterion | Frontal + parietal + temporal + sphenoid

Question 48

What are the 3 bones of the middle ear?

Answer 48

Malleus, incus and stapes

Question 49

What is the mastoid antrum aditus?

Answer 49

Doorway into the mastoid antrum

Question 50

Where does CNVII enter and exit skull on way out

Answer 50

internal acoustic meatus then stylomastoid foramen

Question 51

What type of movement changes do the semicircular ducts detect

Answer 51

angular

Question 52

Innervation to Tensor Tympani?

Answer 52

CNV3

Question 53

Name some bony features of the petrous part of temporal bone

Answer 53

Zygomatic process External acoustic meatus Mastoid process Styloid process

Question 54

What is the outside ear called?

Answer 54

Pina

Question 55

What arteries are important?

Answer 55

External carotid artery gives off maxillary and facial | Facial gives off superior labial artery which does lips and up into nose

Question 56

What drains to the sphenoethmoidal recess?

Answer 56

sphenoid sinus

Question 57

What is the lymphatic drainage around the ear?

Answer 57

Parotid, mastoid nodes then to superficial cervical nodes and then to thoracic duct (left) or right lymphatic duct

Question 58

What are the three chambers of the chochlea called?

Answer 58

Scala vestibuli Cochlear duct (scala media) Scala tympani

Question 59

Nerve supply to eustachian tube?

Answer 59

CNIX (think back of throat and tongue etc)