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GR Yr2 Anatomy > Ear and Nose > Flashcards

Ear and Nose Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the organ of corti located?

A

On top of the basilar membrane of the cochlear duct

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2
Q

What is the name of the foramen that the nasopalatine nerve passes through?

A

Sphenopalatine foramen

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3
Q

What is the little nubbin on medial ear called?

A

Tragus

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4
Q

Name the paranasal sinuses

A

Frontal sinuses
Ethmoid air cells
Sphenoid sinuses
Maxillary sinuses

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5
Q

What is the function of the stapedius?

A

Stops stapes moving too much and protect inner ear from excessive noise

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6
Q

What connects the middle ear and mastoid antrum?

A

Aditus

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7
Q

What nerve innervates the top diagonal region of the nasal cavity?

A

V1 = ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve

More specifically the anterior ethmoidal nerve

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8
Q

What is the origin and course of the posterior and anterior ethmoidal arteries?

A

Branch from ophthalmic artery

Come in lateral to orbit before diving down through the cribriform plate area

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9
Q

What chamber does sound enter and exit cochlea?

A

Goes in and up via scala vestibule (like entering a house through vestibule)
Goes down and out via scala tympani

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10
Q

What are the parts of the temporal bone?

A

Squamous and petrous

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11
Q

What type of movement changes do the utricle and saccule detect

A

linear

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12
Q

What nerve innervates the bottoms diagonal region of the nasal cavity?

A

V2 = Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve

More specifically the nasopalatine nerve

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13
Q

Name the semicircular canals

A

superior, lateral and posterior

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14
Q

What and how does the chorda tympani supply the mouth

A

Supplies taste to anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Parasympathetic supply to submandibular and sublingual glands

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15
Q

What are the bones of the nose?

A

Frontal, nasal, ethmoid bone (perpendicular plate), maxilla, vomer

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16
Q

What innervates the internal surface of tympanic membrane?

A

CNIX (glossopharyngeal)

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17
Q

What is the mastoid antrum?

A

Air space behind the middle ear

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18
Q

Describe the pathway for afferent CNI sensory

A

Receptor cells in olfactory epithelium then through cribriform plate of ethmoid bone and synapse at olfactory bulb. Neurones travel via olfactory tract to temporal lobe of brain.

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19
Q

Where does CNIX supply?

A

Sensory innervation to: Internal TM, middle ear, eustachian tube, down into nasopharynx, oropharynx and tonsils
Hence throat pain can refer to ear and vice versa

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20
Q

What are macula

A

clusters of hair cells

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21
Q

What drains to the bulla of the middle meatus?

A

Middle ethmoidal air cells

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22
Q

What type of lymph does the membranous labyrinth contain?

A

Endolymph

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23
Q

What drains to the superior meatus?

A

Posterior ethmoidal air cells

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24
Q

Oval window v round window

A

Oval window first

25
Q

What is the Kiesselbach’s area?

A

Site where arteries anastomose in nasal cavity

Located on the nasal septum

26
Q

Function of nasal cavity

A

Filter, humidify and warms air

Olfactory epithelium allows sense of smell

27
Q

What muscles are in the middle ear?

A

Stapedius

Tensor tympani

28
Q

What drains to the semi lunar hiatus of the middle meatus?

A

Frontal sinus
Maxillary sinus
Anterior ethmoidal air cells

29
Q

Where does CNVII come out of brain?

A

Pontomedullary junction

30
Q

where does sound enter and exit the inner ear?

A

Oval window

Round window

31
Q

What innervates the external surface of tympanic membrane?

A

Mostly V3 with some CNX

32
Q

What is the path of CNVII?

A

Pontomedullary junction then internal acoustic meatus (in postural fossa) then out via stylomastoid foramen

33
Q

What drains to the inferior meatus?

A

Nasolacrimal duct

34
Q

What innervates the canal?

A

Little splashes of CNVII
Three quarters V3
Bottom and anterior quarter is CNX

35
Q

What bones articulate at pterion?

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid

36
Q

What is the most inwardly depressed part of the tympanic membrane called?

A

Umbo

37
Q

What is the site where arteries anastomose in nasal cavity called

A

Kiesselbach’s area

38
Q

What is the origin of the sphenopalatine artery?

A

Branch of the maxillary artery (which comes off of ECA)

39
Q

Does perilymph or endolymph stimulate hair cells

A

Endolymph

40
Q

What is the origin of the greater palatine artery?

A

Sphenopalatine and before that maxillary

41
Q

What is the name for loss of smell?

A

Anosmia

42
Q

What is the origin of the lateral nasal artery?

A

Facial artery

43
Q

What type of lymph does the bony labyrinth contain?

A

Perilymph

44
Q

Where are balance hair cells found?

A

In regions called maculae

45
Q

Where is cochlea are high frequencies sensed?

A

At beginning/base
Remember because if have noise damage then lose high pitches first as they would be damaged from first contact with loud noise

46
Q

What innervates the rim of the pina?

A

Spinal nerves C2, C3

47
Q

What is the area called where four bones meet and what are the bones?

A

Pterion

Frontal + parietal + temporal + sphenoid

48
Q

What are the 3 bones of the middle ear?

A

Malleus, incus and stapes

49
Q

What is the mastoid antrum aditus?

A

Doorway into the mastoid antrum

50
Q

Where does CNVII enter and exit skull on way out

A

internal acoustic meatus then stylomastoid foramen

51
Q

What type of movement changes do the semicircular ducts detect

A

angular

52
Q

Innervation to Tensor Tympani?

A

CNV3

53
Q

Name some bony features of the petrous part of temporal bone

A

Zygomatic process
External acoustic meatus
Mastoid process
Styloid process

54
Q

What is the outside ear called?

A

Pina

55
Q

What arteries are important?

A

External carotid artery gives off maxillary and facial

Facial gives off superior labial artery which does lips and up into nose

56
Q

What drains to the sphenoethmoidal recess?

A

sphenoid sinus

57
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage around the ear?

A

Parotid, mastoid nodes then to superficial cervical nodes and then to thoracic duct (left) or right lymphatic duct

58
Q

What are the three chambers of the chochlea called?

A

Scala vestibuli
Cochlear duct (scala media)
Scala tympani

59
Q

Nerve supply to eustachian tube?

A

CNIX (think back of throat and tongue etc)

GR Yr2 Anatomy (11 decks)

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