Lower Limb Flashcards
innervation of adductor magnus
anterior portion - obturator nerve
posterior portion - tibial nerve
innervation of biceps femoris
long head - tibial nerve
short head - common fibular nerve
what roots do you evaluate when ask for plantar flex foot?
S1-S2
What roots do you evaluate when ask for dorsiflex foot?
L4-L5
Skin or sensory innervation of thigh
anterior thigh - femoral nerve
medial thigh - obturator nerve
anterolateral thigh - lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
posterior thigh - posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
What is the most frequenly damaged nerve of the lower limb?, what leve is most frequently damaged? Sign and symptoms?
- common fibular nerve
- when crosses lateral aspect of the knee, at the neck of fibula
- “foot drop” (loss dorsiflexion), loss extension of digits, loss eversion, weak eversion, sensory loss lateral leg, dorsum of the foot
What causes piriformis syndrome? Symptoms?
- common fibular nerve compression by piriformis muscle when passes through it
- motor sensory loss of lateral and anterior leg
Common mechanism of damaged of sciatic nerve, symptoms?
- posterior hip dislocation
- sensory and motor deficits posterior thigh, all functions below knee. (except sensory loss medial leg - femoral n.)
What artery branch is usually compromised in avascular necrosisof the head of femur?, what can damage that artery?
- medial femoral circumflex artery
- fracture of the femoral neck
what ligaments are reinforcing the hip?
- iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral
Most frequently torn ligament at the knee, what mechanism causes it?
- tibial collateral ligament
- lateral trauma of the knee
which are the most common structures injured at the knee?, how does it call when all occur?, mechamism.
- tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus, anterior cruciate ligament (terrible or unhappy triad)
- blow to the lateral aspect of the knee with the foot on the ground
Most frequently affected ligaments in inversions sprains of the ankle
lateral ligaments - anterior talofibular ligament
