Lower Leg Anatomy Flashcards
What compartments are leg muscles split into?
- Lateral
- Anterior
- Posterior
What nerves supplie the leg muscles?
Common fibular nerve:
- > Sup. Fibular nerve supplies lateral comp.
- > Deep Fibular nerve supplies Ant. Comp.
Sciatic Nerve -> Tibial Nerve -> Post. Comp.
What type of joint is the ankle and what bones articulate?
Synovial Hinge Malleolar mortise (fibula & tibia form this bony arch) with trochlea of talus
When is the malleolar grip strongest in the ankle?
During Dorsiflexion
When is the ankle joint most unstable?
During Plantarflexion
Describe the ligaments making up the ankle joint capsule?
Thin on front and back
Strong on the sides thanks to Medial & LAteral Collateral Ligament
Describe the parts of the ankle medial collateral ligament? (Aka deltoid ligament)
3 slips arise from the medial malleolus (tibia) to:
- Talus
- Calcaneus
- Navicular
Together they form a large, triangular strong ligament
Function of the medial collateral ligament of the ankle?
Stabilises the joint during eversion
Describe the parts and clinical relevance of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle?
3 slips:
- Anterior Talofibular
- Posterior Talofibular
- Calcaneofibular
Its weaker than the medial so its the most commonly injured
What muscles are responsible for Dorsiflexion of the ankle?
- Tibialis Anterior
- Extensor Digitorum Longus
- Extensor Hallucis Longus
- Peroneus
What muscles undertake plantar flexion of the ankle?
Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris Tibialis Post. Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus
What movement causes ankle sprains?
Inversion
What is a pott Fracture?
Refers to bimalleolar fractures
What is Footballer’s Ankle?
Repetitive strain injury to the ant capsule of the ankle
What is Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Tibial nerve compression deep to the flexor retinacula