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Lower Limb Anatomy > Lower Leg > Flashcards

Lower Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Borders of tibia shaft

A

anterior, medial and lateral

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2
Q

Surfaces of tibia shaft

A

medial, lateral, posterior

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3
Q

Distal tibia surfaces

A

5-anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and inferior

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4
Q

What surface of the distal tibia forms the fibular notch?

A

lateral surface

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5
Q

The anterior surface of the distal tibia is continuous with what?

A

lateral tibial shaft

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6
Q

What are the borders of the fibula shaft?

A

anteromedial, anterolateral, posterolateral, posteromedial

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7
Q

What are the surfaces of the fibula shaft?

A

anterior, lateral, posterior, medial

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8
Q

What type if joint is the tibiofibular syndesmosis?

A

fibrous joint

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9
Q

What is the saphenous N a continuation of and what does it inervate?

A

from femoral N, innervates medial (posterior and anterior) skin of leg

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10
Q

Where does the medial sural cutaneous N come from?

A

from tibial N

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11
Q

Where does the lateral sural cutaneous N come from and what does it do?

A

from common fibular, gives off communicating branch to join with medial sural cutaneous N from the tibial N to form the sural N

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12
Q

What forms the sural N and what does it give off?

A

medial sural cutaneous from tibial N and communicating branch of lateral sural cutaneous N from common fibular N, gives off lateral dorsal cutaneous N

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13
Q

What is the course of the saphenous N? What does it supply?

A

branch of femoral, stays deep under sartorius, follows femoral A until the knee when it pierces fascia and becomes cutaneous
supplies cutaneous to medial portion of leg

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14
Q

What creates the compartments of the leg? What are the compartments?

A

crural fascia forms it, anterior, lateral and posterior compartments

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15
Q

General action, innervation and blood supply to anterior compartment?

A

dorsiflexion, extend MP joints, deep peroneal N, anterior tibial A

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16
Q

General action, innervation and blood supply to lateral compartment?

A

eversion, superficial peroneal N, perforating branches from anterior tibial and peroneal A

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17
Q

General action, innervation and blood supply to superficial posterior compartment?

A

plantarflexion, tibial N, posterior tibial A

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18
Q

General action, innervation and blood supply to deep posterior compartment of leg?

A

flexion of digits, tibial N, posterior tibial and peroneal A

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19
Q

Muscles of the anterior compartment of leg

A

Tibialis anterior, EDL, EHL, extensor hallucis capsularis, peroneus tertius

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20
Q

Origin and insertion of tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral condyle/lateral surface of tibia, IO membrane
I: medial plantar border of medial cuneiform and base of MT1

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21
Q

Action and innervation of tibialis anterior

A

A-dorsiflex ankle, invert ankle, supination of intertarsal joints
N- deep peroneal N

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22
Q

Origin and insertion of EDL

A

O: Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of fibula, IO
I: Extensor expansions of digits 2-5

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23
Q

Action and innervation of EDL

A

dorsiflex and evert ankle, extend MPJ of digits 2-5, pronates intertarsal joints
N: deep peroneal

24
Q

Origin and insertion of EHL

A

O: anterior surface of fibula, IO membrane
I: dorsal base of distal phalanx

25
Q

Action and N of EHL

A

dorsiflex ankle, extend 1st MPJ, supinate intertarsal joint

N: Deep peroneal N

26
Q

Extensor hallucis capsularis O, I and action

A

O: extension of EHL tendon
I: medial surface of 1st MPJ capsule
A: pulls capsule out of MPJ to prevent entrapment

27
Q

Peroneus Tertius O and I

A

O: anterior surface of fibula (inferior 1/3)
I: dorsal surface of base of MT5

28
Q

Peroneus tertius action and N

A

dorsiflex and evert ankle, pronate intertarsal joints

N: deep fibular

29
Q

Muscles of lateral compartment of leg

A

peroneus longus and brevis

30
Q

Peroneus longus O and I

A

O: superior 2/3 of lateral fibula
I: lateral base of medial cuneiform, base of MT1

31
Q

Peroneus longus action and N

A

A: plantarflex and evert ankle, pronate intertarsal joints
N: superficial peroneal

32
Q

Peroneus brevis O and I

A

O: inferior 2/3 of lateral fibula
I: tuberosity of 5th met

33
Q

peroneus brevis action and N

A

plantarflex and evert ankle, pronate intertarsal joints

N: superficial fibular

34
Q

Where do the muscles of the lateral compartment pass relative to the lateral malleolus?

A

posterior

35
Q

Where do the muscles of the anterior compartment pass relative to both malleoli?

A

anterior

36
Q

The great saphenous V drains into what? the small saphenous drains into what?

A

femoral V, popliteal V

37
Q

What muscles are in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

A

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

38
Q

What muscles are in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

A

popliteus, FHL, FDL, TP

39
Q

What separates the deep from superficial muscles of the posterior leg?

A

transverse intermuscular septum

40
Q

Gastrocnemius O and I

A

O: medial and lateral femoral condyles (medial and lateral heads)
I: tendocalcaneus->central part of posterior calcaneus

41
Q

gastrocnemius action and N

A

A: plantarflex ankle, knee flexion, supinator of intertarsal joints
N: tibial N

42
Q

Soleus O and I

A

O: soleal line of tibia, posterior head and shaft of fibula
I: tendocalcaneus-> central part of posterior calcaneus

43
Q

Soleus action and N

A

plantarflex ankle, tibial N

44
Q

What forms the triceps surae?

A

both heads of gastroc and the soleus

45
Q

Plantaris O and I

A

O: lateral supracondylar line femur
I: medial portion of posterior calcaneus

46
Q

Plantaris action and N

A

A: plantarflex ankle, knee flexion
N: tibial N

47
Q

What is the longest tendon in the human body?

A

Plantaris

48
Q

Popliteus O and I

A

O: lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur
I: posterior surface of tibia (superior to soleal line)

49
Q

Popliteus action and N

A

flexes and unlocks (rotates) knee-laterally rotates femur

N: tibial N

50
Q

FDL O and I

A

O: posterior surface of tibia, inferior to soleal line and medial to vertical line
I: plantar base of distal phalanges 2-5

51
Q

FDL action and N

A

A: Plantarflex ankle, flex 2-5 digits, supination of intertarsal joints
N: tibial N

52
Q

What does the vertical line of the tibia separate?

A

FDL from the tibialis posterior

53
Q

FHL O and I

A

O: posterior surface of fibula, IO
I: plantar base of distal phalanx of hallux

54
Q

FHL action and N

A

A: plantarflex ankle, flex hallux IPJ, supination of intertarsal joints
N: Tibial N

55
Q

Tibialis posterior O and I

A

O: posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and lateral to vertical line through nutrient foramen, medial surface of fibula, IO membrane
I: navicular tuberosity, sustentaculum tali, all 3 cuneiforms, cuboid, bases of MT2-4

56
Q

Tibialis posterior action and N

A

A: plantarflex ankle, invert foot, supinate intertarsa joint
N: tibial N

57
Q

What is the order of the structures around the medial malleolus from anterior to posterior?

A

TP, FDL, posterior tibial A, tibial N, FHL

Tom Dick and Very Nervous Harry

Lower Limb Anatomy (17 decks)

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