Lower Leg Flashcards
What are the 3 muscles of the superior posterior compartment of the lower leg? What nerve are they innervated by?
Gastrocnemius - tibial nerve.
Plantaris - tibial nerve.
Soleus - tibial nerve.
What are the 4 deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the lower leg? What are they innervated by?
Popliteus - tibial nerve.
Flexor digitorum longus - tibial nerve.
Tibialis posterior - tibial nerve.
Flexor hallucis longus - tibial nerve.
What is the contents of the tarsal tunnel running from anterior to posterior?
Tibialis posterior. Flexor digitorum longus. Posterior tibial artery. Posterior tibial vein. Tibial nerve. Flexor hallucis longus.
What 2 muscles make up the lateral compartment of the lower leg? What are they innervated by?
Fibularis longus - superficial peroneal nerve.
Fibularis brevis - superficial peroneal nerve.
What 4 muscles make up the anterior compartment of the lower leg? What are they innervated by?
Tibialis anterior - deep peroneal nerve.
Extensor digitorum longus - deep peroneal nerve.
Extensor hallucis longus - deep peroneal nerve.
Peonies tertius - deep peroneal nerve.
What nerve is most commonly damaged in an operation for chronic varicose veins?
Saphenous nerve as runs alongside great saphenous vein.
What nerve is damaged leading to foot drop? Why?
Common peroneal nerve - cannot dorsiflex, so problem with anterior compartment.
How does a calcaneal tendon rupture present?
Acute onset, swelling at back of leg, problem plantarflexing (can’t point toes). Also called the Achilles’ tendon.
What 2 pulses can you feel in the foot? Where can you find them?
Posterior tibial pulse - in the tarsal tunnel, posteroinferior to the medial malleolus.
Dorsalis pedis pulse - on the dorsum of the foot, over the tarsal bones, between the tendons of the extensor hallucis longus and the extensor digitorum longus to the second toe.
