Lower GI Flashcards
What other symptoms can constipation cause?
Poor appetite
Irritable
Lack of energy
Abdominal pain/discomfort
Withholding or straining
Overflow diarrhoea
Which classification system is used for stool?
Bristol stool chart
Why is there a vicious cycle with constipation?
Large hard stool -> pain or anal fissure -> withholding of stool -> constipation -> large hard stool etc. etc.
->need to control before the vicious cycle starts!!!
Treatment of constipation?
Explain to parents
Diet: increase fibre, decrease milk
Reduce aversive factors
Reward good behaviour e.g. star charts
Soften stools
->milk can fill children up and stop them from eating foods which are of benefit for them
How can the aversive factors be reduced for going for a poo?
Correct height of toilet
Try not to use a cold toilet seat
Soften stool and remove pain
What can be used to soften stool?
Osmotic laxatives- Laxido/Movicol
Stimulant laxatives- Senna
Which complication can occur because of chronic constipation?
Megarectum
->when child does poo every ten days or so, the poo is huge!!!!!
If a child has megarectum, which type of infection can they get as a consequence?
UTI
->compresses so there is always some residual volume
Which type of IBD is there rectal bleeding more commonly?
UC
In which type of IBD is there more likely to be weight loss?
CD
In which type of IBD is there more likely to be growth failure?
CD
Which skin change is seen in IBD?
Erythema nodosum
Is erythema nodosum more common in CD or UC in children?
CD
What do you test stool for in IBD?
Faecal calprotectin
->increased in both CD and UC
Which type of IBD has transmural inflammation?
CD
Which biologic is used in the treatment of IBD?
Infliximab
Which immunosuppressive steroid is most commonly used in the treatment of IBD?
Prednisolone
What is a life threatening complication of UC?
Toxic megacolon
In which type of IBD can diet modification be useful?
CD
