Lower Extremity Tests Flashcards
Leg length Supine
Pt supine.
reseat the pelvis.
thumbs inferior to medial malleoli
compare lengths bilaterally.
Patrick (FABERE) Test
HIP test
pt supine, ph same side
figure 4 with ciudad on knee and cephelad on opposite ASIS
Pain seen with:
Osteoarthritis, Iliopsoas Spasm, and Sacroiliac dysfunction
FADIR Test
HIP test
Flexion, adduction, internal rotation
pt supine and ph on same side
Knee and hip at 90
Cephlad puses knee across midline while caudad holds ankle in-line
This maneuver tests for (FAI) Femoroacetabular Impingement
• PossibleLabralTear
• EarlyOA
• Pain seen with prolonged sitting, getting out of car, squatting
Thomas Test
HIP test
Pt supine and actively pulls one knee to chest.
tests leg on table for contracture of iliopsoas
+ if leg raises off table
Ober Test
HIP test
pt lateral recumbent with leg to be tested towards ceiling.
ph behind pt
extend hip with knee flexed and abduct, if knee doesn’t adduct to midline then +
tests for contracture of iliotibial band or tensor fascia lata
Trendelenburg Test
HIP test
pt stands on one leg, if hip of raised led falls below level then is +
tests for weakened gluteus medius
Knee ROM
Flexion - 145°
extension - 10°
IR - 10°
ER - 40°
Patella Grind Test
Knee Test
pt supine, apply A-P pressure to patella and rock across condyles
Pain or grinding indicate Chondromalacia patellae
Apley’s compression and distraction
Knee Test pt supine and ph on same side push or pull foot and rotate pain is + meniscus with compression ligamentous with distraction
McMurry
Knee Test pt supine with knee towards ceiling hold knee with cephalad hand and ankle with caudad slightly flex leg ankle IR, ADD, E for lateral miniscus ankle ER, AB, E for medial miniscus click and pain or pain +
Knee Joint palpation
Knee Test
palpate joint line medial and lateral for meniscal protrusion
Anterior drawer test
Knee Test
knee at 90° try to displace proximal tibia anteriorly
check for laxity of ACL
Posterior Drawer Test (godfrey’s)
Knee Test
knee at 90° try to displace proximal tibia posterior
Check for laxity of PCL
dashboard injury, watch for drop back phenomenon
Lachman Test
Knee Test
knee at 20-30°
stabilize ankle and try to displace proximal tibia anteriorly
preferred position for ACL test
Valgus/Varus test
Knee Test
• Tests Medial and Lateral Collateral Ligaments
• Pt supine, knee flexed to 15 degrees
• Stabilize the distal tibia with one hand and stresses with medial and lateral forces with the other
• Positive test = gapping (maybe pain) felt on either side of knee joint
*Note cephalad hand position – must be distal to the Femoro-Tibial joint….if not your cephalad hand will prevent varus/valgus motion at the knee
Bulge test
Knee Test
With the cephalad hand superior to the patella,
compress the tissues (and possibly fluid) inferiorly towards the knee joint.
Ballotment Test
Knee Test
Apply downward (A to P force) compression to the patella. In the normal knee with minimal joint fluid,
the patella moves directly onto the femoral condyle.
In the knee with an effusion (moderate to large) the patella is floating, and ballottement results in the patella tapping against the femoral condyle; this is noted in the fingertips
Ankle ROM
plantar flexion 20-50
dorsiflexion 0-20
inversion/supination 0-35
eversion/ronation 0-25
Ankle drawer test
Anterior talofibular ligament
-slight plantarflexion of ankle
• Cephalad hand is stabilizing the lower leg
• Caudad hand is translating the foot forward from the calcaneus
• Translation > 8 mm is (+) result
Anterior drawer only, no posterior
Thompson Test
• Optimallyperformedw/pt in PRONE position and knee flexed to 90 degrees
• If Achilles Tendon is ruptured and the calf muscle mass is squeezed…
There will be NO PLANTARFLEXION NOTED
Morton’s Squeeze Test
- Pressure is applied across the metatarsals of the affected foot in an effort to impinge the neuroma
- PainorReproductionofsx is a positive test
for Morton’s Neuroma
• Typically found between 3rd and 4th metatarsal heads
• Chronic trauma/stress leading to nerve irritation
• Histologically demonstrates perineural fibrosis
• Pain/Burning Sensation, may feel like “a rock” in my shoe
• Dx: Morton’s (Lateral) Squeeze Test – grasp medial and lateral forefoot and squeeze together…sx are reproduced
• Morton’s Neuroma – surgical dissection
