Ankle and foot CS

Question 1

Flexion ankle TP

Answer 1

medial to EDT
have pt extend great toe
in depression

Question 2

Flexion ankle Tx

Answer 2

pt prone
knee flexed to 90°
dorsiflex the foot and use cephalad forearm to push down on toes
keep caudad finger on TP

Question 3

Flexion ankle M

Answer 3

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Question 4

Extension ankle TP

Answer 4

just distal to popliteal margin
bilateral on two heads of the gastrocnemius
alternate:
bilateral to the achelliez tendon

Question 5

Extension ankle Tx

Answer 5

prone
ph leg on table with pt foot on thigh
marked plantar flexion of ankle with flexion of knee
use caudad arm on foot to increase plantar flexion
cephalad finger on TP

Question 6

Medial ankle TP

Answer 6

2 cm inferior to the medial malleolus

arc along deltoid ligament

Question 7

Medial ankle Tx

Answer 7

pt lateral recumbant with affected leg up and knee bent
towel under leg proximal to ankle
left hand on TP
right hand applies inverts force to foot
(fulcrum at medial ankle and slight sharing force (towel))

Question 8

Lateral ankle TP

Answer 8

in a depression 3 cm anterior and slightly below lateral malleolus (sinus Tarsi or talocalcaneal sulcus)

Question 9

Lateral ankle Tx

Answer 9

pt lateral recumbant with affected leg down and knee bent
towel under leg proximal to ankle
cephalad hand on TP
caudad hand applying marked (25kg) eversion force with slight shearing (towel)

Question 10

Medial ankle m

Answer 10

Tibialis anterior

Question 11

Lateral ankle m

Answer 11

fibularis or peronius longus and brevis

Question 12

Extension ankle m

Answer 12

gastrocnemius

Question 13

Talus TP

Answer 13

in a depression 2 cm lateral to medial malleolus and just medial to Extensor Hallucis longus tendon (have pt extend great toe)
can palpate the tip of the talus

Question 14

Talus Tx

Answer 14

pt prone and knee flexed at 90°
cephalad hand on tp
caudad hand inverting foot with added internal rotation of the foot
fine tune with flexion/extension

Question 15

Plantar navicular TP

Answer 15

arch of the foot, wrap hand around. surface of the navicular bone close to the cuboid

Question 16

Plantar navicular Tx

Answer 16

pt prone with knee flexed at 90°
ph on lateral side
wrap caudad hand around foot depressing in the arch
use cephalic hand to induce plantar flexion, supination and inversion (rotate sole of foot medially)

Question 17

Plantar cuboid TP

Answer 17

about 2cm posterior and medial to the bas of the 5th metatarsal. (pinky toe)

Question 18

Plantar cuboid Tx

Answer 18

pt prone and ph standing on affected side
cephalad hand monitoring
caudad hand wrapped around foot and everting it
- may want to use caudad thumb to help induce eversion

Question 19

Flexion Calcaneus TP

Answer 19

anterior aspect of the calcaneus on plantar surface of foot

just in front of heel

Question 20

Flexion Calcaneus Tx

Answer 20

pt prone and ph on affected side with foot on table
pt foot on ph thigh
flexion of foot while approximating forefoot to calcaneus
use ciudad hand to monitor
cephalad hand wrapped around ankle, using it towards ph thigh

Question 21

Flexion Calcaneus m

Answer 21

Quadratus Plantae

Question 22

Extended 5th metatarsal TP

Answer 22

on the dorsal surface of the proximal 5th metatarsal

Question 23

Extended 5th metatarsal Tx

Answer 23

pt prone and knee at 90°
hand wrapped around ankle with fingers towards toes and one monitoring TP
other hand used as a fist to hyperextend 5th metatarsal using knuckles