Lower Extremity Flashcards
Psoas major m.
- Origin: TP L1-L5, VB T12-L5
- Insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur
- Action: laterally flex the VC, balances and flex the trunk and flex the thigh when acting with iliacus
- Innervation: lumbar plexus L1-L3
Iliacus m.
- Origin: superior iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacroiliac l.
- Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur, femoral shaft, and psoas major t.
- Action: Flex the thigh and stabilize hip joint
- Innervation: femoral n.
Sartorius m.
- Origin: ASIS
- Insertion: medial aspect proximal end of tibia (part of pes anserine)
- Action: flex, abduct, and laterally rotate thigh; flex leg at knee
- Innervation: femoral n.
Quadriceps femoris m.
- Rectus femoris m.
- Vastus lateralis m.
- Vastus intermedius m.
- Vastus medialis m.
REctus femoris m.
- Origin: straight head AIIS, reflected head ilium above acetabulum
- Insertion: base of patella; tibial tuberosity via patellar L.
- Action: extend leg at knee; assist iliopsoas m. In thigh flexion
- Innervation: femoral n.
Vastus lateralis m.
- Origin: greater trochanter lateral lip of linea aspera
- Insertion: lateral aspect of base of patella, tibial tuberosity via the patellar L.
- Action: extend leg at knee
- Innervation: femoral n.
Vastus intermedius m.
- Origin: anterior and lateral surface of femoral body
- Insertion: base of patella tibial tuberosity via patellar L.
- Action: extend leg at knee
- Innervation: femoral n.
Vastus medialis m.
- Origin: intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera
- Insert: medial aspect of base of patella, tibial tuberosity via patellar L.
- Action
- Innervation: femoral n.
Articulates genu m.
- Origin: anterior surface of distal femur
- Insertion: articulation capsule of knee
- Action: tightens capsule of knee during leg extension
- Innervation: femoral n.
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh
- psoas major m.
- iliacus m.
- sartorius m.
- rectus femoris m.
- vastus lateralis m.
- vastus intermedius m.
- vastus medialis m.
- articulates genu m.
All 4 aponeuroses of the quadriceps femoris m. Insert into ______.
Patellar tendon
What does the femoral nerve (cutaneous) supply?
Anterior thigh and part of medial thigh
What does the saphenous nerve (cutaneous) supply?
Medial aspect of leg and ankle
Patellar reflex
L2-L4
Name the main branches of the femoral artery.
- external pudendal a.
- superficial epigastric a.
- superficial circumflex iliac a.
- medial femoral circumflex a.
- lateral femoral circumflex a.
- profunda femoris
What supplies the head and neck of femur?
Posterior retinacular a.
What provides blood supply to ligament of head of the femur?
Acetabular branch of the obturator artery
What can lead to avascular necrosis of the “femur”?
Posterior retinacular a.
What are the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?
- pectineus m.
- adductor longus m.
- adductor brevis m.
- adductor magnus m.
- gracilis m.
Gracilis m.
- Origin: body and inferior ramus of pubis
- Insertion: medial surface of tibia inferior to tibial tuberosity between the insertion of the sartorius and semitendinosus
- Action: adduct thigh, assist in medial thigh rotation, flex the leg
- Innervation: anterior division of obturator n.
Pectineus m.
- Origin: superior pubic ramus
- Insertion: pectineus line of femur
- Action: adduct and flex thigh
- Innervation: femoral n.
Adductor longus m.
- Origin: body and inferior to pubic crest
- Insertion: middle 1/3 of linea aspera
- Action: adduct thigh
- Innervation: anterior division of obturator n.
Adductor brevis m.
- Origin: body and inferior pubic ramus
- Insertion: pectineus line and proximal linea aspera
- Action: adduct thigh and assist in flexion
- Innervation: anterior division of obturator n.
Adductor magnus m.
- Origin: ischiopubic ramus & ischial tuberosity
- Insertion: pectineal line of femur
- Action: whole muscle - adduct thigh; hamstring - extend leg
- Innervation: (upper fibers) posterior division of obturator n. (lower fibers) tibial division of sciatic n.