Lower Extremities Flashcards
What are some indications for doing a hip MRI?
fracture, osteonecrosis, arthritis, labral tear, abductor tendon tear.
What type of coil do we use and where do we place it for a hip MRI?
the “large coil” same thing we use for abdomens and cardiacs.
supine, head first, with the coil on the pelvic anteriorly.
What is a trick we can do with the patients legs to make the greater and lesser trochanters seen better?
have the big toes together.
The _____ view generally shows the entire pelvis
Sag, axial, or coronal
coronal
What is the landmark/ cursor point for the hips?
put the laser over the pubic symphysis.
When scanning the hip axially, what is your anatomic coverage?
the iliac fossa to the proximal femur including the lesser trochanter.
When scanning axially for a hip, you should align the box ______ to the femoral heads
parallel or perpendicular?
paralel
When scanning the hip coronally, what is your anatomy coverage and alignment?
Alignment is parallel to the femoral heads
you must include the pubis to posterior ischium
You are scanning anterior to posterior
When scanning sagitally, you are scanning _____ to _____.
Lateral to medial? OR
medial to lateral?
lateral to medial
When scanning sagittally on a hip, what is your anatomy coverage and aligment?
aligment is parallel to the labrum of the acetabalum
Must include the greater trochanter to the superior pubic ramus
What is the function of the hip?
to carry the weight of the body in an erect position.
What is the “ball and socket joint?
The hip :)
it contains a synovial ball + socket joint created by the femoral head and the acetablum of the pelvis.
What is the “acetabulum” of the hip?
its a cuplike cavity created by the three bones of the pelvis
What are the “three bones” of the acetabulum”?
the ilium, ischium and the pubis.
What is the longest bone in the body?
the femur :) its also the strongest.
The proximal part of the femur consists of what 4 areas?
the head, heck, and the greater and lesser trochanters.
At the femoral head, there is an area that isnt covered by articular cartilage called what? and what does it do?
it is called the fovea capitis, which attaches to the ligamentum teres.
The head of the femur is connected the femoral shaft by the femoral ____.
neck
where is the greater trochanter located and what does it do?
it is located at the junction of the femoral neck with the femoral shaft.
It provides attachment for numerous muscles in the gluteal region.
where is the lesser trochanter located and what is its importance?
it is at the posterior medial portion of the shaft and it provides insertion for the iliopsoas muscle.
The ilium part of the hip is located next to the iliopsoas muscle
True or False
true
Patients are positioned for femurs the same way as hips.
True or False
True, feet inverted , possibly taped together.
What is your landmark when scanning the femur?
the midshaft of the femur
When scanning a coronal we are scanning anterior to posterior.
true
WHen scanning a femur coronally , we need to scan ____ to the shaft of the femur
parallel
When scanning coronally for the femur, we need to make sure we include what anatomy?
the head of femur to the proximal tibia.
** make sure to include the musculature of the thigh.
When scanning a femur axially, we are scanning superior to inferior.
True or False?
true
What is your anatomic coverage for a femur axially?
from head of femur to the tibial plateau.
When scanning sagittaly for a femur, we are scanning _____ to _____ ?
lateral to medial parallel to the shaft of femur
What is our coverage for the sagital image of a femur?
greater trochanter and lateral condyle to the femoral head and medial condyle.
Where do we put the laser on the machine for a knee MRI?
apex of the patella
What is our anatomic coverage for an axial knee?
from ABOVE patella through the tibial tuberosity and the patella tendon insertion
What is our anatomic coverage for a coronal knee?
patella to femoral condyles
What is our slice alignment for a coronal knee?
parallel to the posterior margins of the femoral condyles.
