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MRI > Abdomen/Pelvis Anatomy/Planning > Flashcards

Abdomen/Pelvis Anatomy/Planning Flashcards

How to scan and knowing the anatomy.

1
Q

a serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

A

Peritoneum

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2
Q

The liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach and most of intestines are located in what membrane of the abdomen?

A

the peritoneum

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3
Q

What is the largest organ in the body?

A

the liver

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4
Q

What does the liver produce?

A

bile

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5
Q

How many major lobes of the liver are there?

A

two, the right and left side.

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6
Q

What to ducts meet to form the common bile duct?

A

the cystic and hepatic duct

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7
Q

What are the two main sources of blood to to the liver?

A

the common hepatic artery and the portal vein

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8
Q

What to vessels form the portal vein?

A

the splenic vein and the SMV :)

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9
Q

What veins DRAIN the liver?

A

the hepatic veins

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10
Q

The hepatic veins drain directly into what major vein?

A

the IVC

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11
Q

How many hepatic veins are there?

A

3 :)

Right left and middle

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12
Q

What is the main function of the gallbladder?

A

to store bile

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13
Q

What is the function of the cystic duct?

A

to drain the gallbladder through the common bile ductand hepatic duct

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14
Q

The common bile duct is the main passageway of bile from the gallbladder and liver INTO the duodenum ( part of intestines)

A

True

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15
Q

What is the function of the pancreas?

A

to produce pancreatic juice which aids in digestion and produce insuline

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16
Q

The pancreas is an exocrine gland

True or False

A

TRUE but it is ALSO an endoocrine. It does both!!

Endocrine- emits insulin and glucagon into bloodstream

Exocrine- emits pancreatic fluid in the duodenum

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17
Q

What type of “juice” aids in digestion?

A

pancreatic juice :O It pours into the duodenum

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18
Q

What does the spleen do?

A

filter abnormal blood cells, store iron, and initiate immune system responses

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19
Q

Is the spleen located on your left or right side?

A

left

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20
Q

What vessel supplies the spleen with blood?

A

the splenic artery and is drained by splenic vein

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21
Q

Where are the adrenal glands located?

A

above/superiorly to the kidneys

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22
Q

What do the kidneys do?

A

produces urine and filters blood

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23
Q

What portion of your body “acts as a food reservoir?

A

The stomach, duh!!

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24
Q

What are the functions of the stomach>

A

Storing food, breakdown of foo

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25
Q

Stomach is one of the most vascular organs within the body. True or false?

A

True

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26
Q

What three arteries feed the stomach?

A

gastric, splenic, and gastoduodenal.

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27
Q

The most PROXIMAL portion of the small intestines is called the??

A

duodenum

begins at the pylorus and curves at the head of pancreas.

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28
Q

If you are over the umbilcal region, you will probably see the jejunum part of intestines.

A

true

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29
Q

The small intestines receive blood from what arteries?

A

superior mesenteric artery

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30
Q

If you are scanning in the lower right abdomen, you are probably seeing the ileum.

A

True

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31
Q

How long is the large intestines?

A

1.5 meters long :O

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32
Q

Where do the large intestines end?

A

anus

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33
Q

What are the three main parts of the large intestines?

A

the colon, rectum, and cecum.

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34
Q

Which part of the long intestines is the longest?

Colon, recxtum, or cecum?

A

the colon

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35
Q

The rectum is not considered a pelvic organ.

True or False

A

FALSE it IS a pelvic organ

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36
Q

What is the function of the large intestines?

A

to reabsorbe water and storage and elmination of fecal matter

37
Q

At what level of the spine does the aorta bifuricate?

38
Q

What arteries supply the adrenal glands?

A

the suprarenal arteries.

Supra meaning above and the adrenals are above the kidneys :)

39
Q

The left kidney is higher than the right..

True or False

A

True. Because of the liver

40
Q

Is the aorta on your left side or right side of your body?

A

the left :)

41
Q

The head of the pancreas is supplied by what vessel?

A

the SMA (superior mesenteric artery), it also supplies the large and small intestines.

42
Q

What are the first 2 branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

celiac and SMA

43
Q

What is the largest vein in the body?

44
Q

Is it important for a patient to empty their bladder before scanning ?

45
Q

indications for a liver/gallbladder scan

A

Hemangiomas, mets, biliary obstruction, cholangiocarcinoma, cholangitis, hydatid cyst, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

46
Q

When contrast is administered, we are detecting the contrast as it goes through the heart, pulmonary arteries and the into the aorta.

True or False

47
Q

After giving contrast in an abdominal MRI, when will you tell the patient to take a deep breath in?

A

right before it gets to the aortic bifurication down in the pelvis.

48
Q

it is not important to explain the breathing instructions to patients getting an abdominal MRI

A

FALSE. you MUST instruct patients about what to expect and how important those breathing instructions are.

49
Q

anatomy covered in an abdominal MRI

A

Include just above the liver and just below the kidneys.

50
Q

The sequence that has the multiple slices/lines, you must center it over the common bile ducts

A

True, it is a volume study that includes about 10 images.

51
Q

Cushing’s syndrome is an indication for what type of MR?

A

adrenal/renal

52
Q

In an adrenal/kidney exam, what area is supposed to be covered?

A

same as abdomen, below renal to above liver.

53
Q

indications for a pancreatic MRI

A

Mets, panc cancer, panc duct stones, or pancreatitis.

54
Q

Aneurysm, dissection, IV Malformations, and claudication or occlusion are all indications for what kind of exam?

A

abdominal aorta MRI

55
Q

Rectal cancer, anal fistulas, Crohns disease are all indications for what kind of exam?

56
Q

What anatomy is covered in an anal MRI?

A

From L5 to the anus.

57
Q

indications for a female pelvic MRI

A

Cancer of uterus/cervix, ovaries, fibroids, adenomyosis, mets, endometriosis, Pelvic floor dysfunction.

58
Q

What areas are covered in a female pelvic exam?

59
Q

Prostate cancer staging, radiation/surgery, palpable mass, cancer, or prostate cysts are indications for what type of MR?

A

male pelvis/ prostate

60
Q

anatomy covered in a prostate MRI?

A

L5- anus

OR

Bladder to pubis symphysis.

61
Q

indications for a testicular MRI

A

Testicular carcinoma, masses on ultrasound, seminoma, lymphoma, undescended testicles or agenesis.

62
Q

How do we position the testicles for the MRI?

A

Move penis out of field, put a towel under the testicles, put a WARM towel over testes so they stay warm. and coil goes over the towel.

63
Q

What are some reasons we would do a fetal brain MRI

A

absent corpus callosum, large ventricles, posterior fossa abnormality, fetal viability , or abnormal ultrasound.

64
Q

We can use contrast on pregnant patients.

True or False

65
Q

The pancreas contains how many parts to it?

2, 3, or 4?

A

4

Head neck body tail

66
Q

The Common bile duct is formed by the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct

True or False

67
Q

The hepatic veins empty directly into the ______.

Hint- Its a major vessel in the abdomen)

A

IVC ( inferior vena cava)

68
Q

What ligament separates the left lobe from the caudate lobe?

A

Ligamentum venosum

69
Q

What ligament separates the left an right lobes and attaches the liver to the diaphragm?

A

falciform ligament (ligamentum teres is another name for it)

70
Q

The hepatic ARTERY and the portal vein both feed the liver its nutrients.

True or False

A

TRUE, mostly the portal vein.

71
Q

The porta hepatitis is the hilum of the liver where vessels enter and exit.
True or false

72
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

center for metabolism and production of bile

73
Q

What is the name of the capsule that encases the liver?

A

Glisson’s capsule

74
Q

Where is Morison’s pouch located?

A

It is the subhepatic space located between the right kidney and the right lobe of liver

75
Q

The portal vein is formed from what vessels?

A

the splenic vein and the SMV and IMV

76
Q

The duct of Wirsung is another name for what duct?

A

pancreatic duct

77
Q

What do the adrenal glands do?

A

they produce steroids and epinephrine and is responsible for the “fight or flight” response

78
Q

The outer cortex of kidney filtrates urine and the inner medulla part is beginning of the collecting system.

79
Q

The ileum, duodenum and jejunum are part of the _______ intestines

small or large

80
Q

The cecum, colon and rectum are part of the ____ intestines

large or small?

81
Q

What are the three branches of the celiac trunk?

A

common hepatic, splenic, and left gastric.

Just think the celiac feeds the spleen stomach and liver.

82
Q

the superior mesenteric artery feeds the small intestines and the ascending and transverse colon.

True or False

83
Q

The IVC drains the lower part of the body and enters the ___ atrium of the heart.

84
Q

the ____ ___ muscles support the abdomen and are connected at the middle by the linea alba

A

rectus abdominis muscles

85
Q

What is the first branch of the abdominal aorta?

A

celiac artery

86
Q

The second branch of the abdominal ao?

87
Q

Which lobe is the smallest lobe of liver?

88
Q

what is the biggest lobe of the liver?

89
Q

What part of the pancreas is at the curve of duodenum?

MRI (14 decks)

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