Lower and Upper gyn tract infections

Question 1

What country has the highest rates of STIs in the industrialized world?

Answer 1

US

Question 2

What is the most commonly affected group with STIs?

Answer 2

15-24 year olds

Question 3

How many tees have never talked to their parents about sex?

Answer 3

1 in 4

Question 4

What percent of teens have no formal education before having sex

Answer 4

80%

Question 5

What is the average age of sexual abuse?

Answer 5

9

Question 6

What is the average number of partners high school grads have?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What is the average age of coitarche?

Answer 7

17

Question 8

Why is it that women in their teenage years have the highest risk of contracting an STD?

Answer 8

Ectropion in the transformation zone is changing rapidly at this time

Question 9

Why is it that women age 15-24 have the highest risk for contracting an STD? (3)

Answer 9

Most likely to:

• have unprotected sex
• have multiple partner
• have barriers to health care

Question 10

When should GC/CT annual screening begin?

Answer 10

Once sexually active, but regardless once 25

Question 11

True or false: screening developmentally disabled patients for GC/CT is a high priority

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the most sensitive test for GC/CT?

Answer 12

Nucleic acid amplification

Question 13

True or false: self collected vaginal swabs are not acceptable for screening for GC/CT

Answer 13

False

Question 14

When is Hep C screening indicated? How many times should they be tested?

Answer 14

One time testing if born from 1945-1965

Question 15

When should HIV screen be performed?

Answer 15

At least once aged 13-54, and annually if at risk

Question 16

Who should be screened for HCV?

Answer 16

• HIV pts
• Recipients of clotting factors before 1987
• chronic hemodialysis
• abnormal ALT
• Organ transplant prior to 1992

Question 17

Organ transplant before what year is a risk factor for HCV?

Answer 17

1992

Question 18

Receiving clotting factors before what year is a risk factor for HCV?

Answer 18

1987

Question 19

What is the viral family and genetic makeup of HCV? Enveloped?

Answer 19

Flaviviridae
+ssRNA
Enveloped

Question 20

Which two hepatitis viral strains are transmitted via the fecal-oral route?

Answer 20

A and E

Question 21

What are the five Ps of STD prevention?

Answer 21

• Partners
• Prevent pregnancy
• Protect from STDs
• Practices
• Past h/o STDs

Question 22

What are the goals of the CDC prevention and control in regard to STDs?

Answer 22

• Educate and counsel
• Identify asymptomatic people
• Effective diagnosis and treatment
• Evaluate and treat partners
• Vaccinate high risk

Question 23

What are the best type of questions to ask when trying to elicit a history of STIs?

Answer 23

Open ended questions with understandable and normalizing language

Question 24

True or false; delaying coitarche is a goal of STI prevention

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What are the STIs that are reportable in ALL states? (4)

Answer 25

- Gonorrhea - Syphilis - Chlamydia - HIV/AIDS

Question 26

True or false: all of the hepatitis viruses are a reportable disease in Iowa

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True or false: minors may consent to STI services and HIV testing/treatment without notifying their parents

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is the postexposure prophylaxis for Hep B?

Answer 28

HBIG + vaccination

Question 29

Who is the Hep B vaccine recommended for?

Answer 29

All unvaccinated, uninfected persons being evaluated for an STD

Question 30

What is the risk of death from cirrhosis of CA d/t hep B?

Answer 30

15-25%

Question 31

What are the components of the national strategy to eliminate transmission of Hep B? (5)

Answer 31

- ROutine screening if prego - Immunoprophylaxis to infants - Routine infant vaccination - Vaccination of children less than 18 - Vaccinate at-risk adults

Question 32

Who, specifically, should receive the Hep A vaccine?

Answer 32

- MSM - Chronic liver disease pts - illicit drug users

Question 33

When should females get the HPV vaccine (per CDC)?

Answer 33

11-26 years old

Question 34

What strains of HPV does Gardasil protect against? (4)

Answer 34

6 11 16 18

Question 35

What are the HPV strains that cause condyloma? (2)

Answer 35

6 | 11

Question 36

What are the HPV vaccines that cause cervical cancer? (2)

Answer 36

16 | 18

Question 37

Why is it that HSV may still be transmitted, despite condom use?

Answer 37

Oral route or base of the penis

Question 38

What type of material is best for condoms? Why?

Answer 38

Latex, because have lower slippage and breakage rates

Question 39

Are natural membrane condoms recommended for STD prevention?

Answer 39

No

Question 40

Why aren't condoms with spermicide not recommended?

Answer 40

Increases the risk for UTIs

Question 41

What are the best lubricants to use with condoms? Why?

Answer 41

Water based, since these will make it less likely that the condom will break

Question 42

What is the best way to screen for HIV?

Answer 42

Op-out testing

Question 43

When should women get tested for HIV in pregnancy?

Answer 43

Initially, and again at third trimester if high risk

Question 44

When should women get tested for syphilis in pregnancy?

Answer 44

Initially, and again at third trimester and at delivery if high risk

Question 45

Is the Hep B vaccine safe to use in pregnancy?

Answer 45

Yes

Question 46

When should women get tested for GC/CT in pregnancy?

Answer 46

Initially, and again at third trimester if less than 25 yo or have more than 1 sec partner

Question 47

What is the most common chronic bloodborne infection?

Answer 47

Hep C

Question 48

What is the transmission rate for HCV? When will this be higher?

Answer 48

5%, but higher if also have HIV

Question 49

What fraction of people with HIV are unaware they have it?

Answer 49

1 in 5

Question 50

What percent of HIV is transmitted via heterosexual contact?

Answer 50

80%

Question 51

Who is most at risk of progression to AIDS?

Answer 51

African American women

Question 52

What is the screening test for HIV?

Answer 52

Enzyme immunoassay that detects nonspecific antibodies to HIV

Question 53

What percent of HIV antibodies are detectable within 3 months of infection?

Answer 53

95%

Question 54

What is the diagnostic test for HIV? How many results are needed to confirm?

Answer 54

Western Blot for 2 specific antigens (p24, gp41, or gp120/160)

Question 55

What is the vertical transmission rate of HIV w/o ART therapy? What about with ART?

Answer 55

15-25% Less than 2% with ART