Longitudinal Separation

Question 1

What is standard longitudinal separation?

Answer 1

20 miles (DME equip aircraft, RNAV using ATD) or 10 minutes

Question 2

What are the methods for separating aircraft longitudinally?

Answer 2

Depart at a specific time, arrive at a fix at a specified time, hold at a fix until a specified time, or change altitude at a specified time or fix

Question 3

When can you use mileage-based DME and ATD procedures and minima?

Answer 3

Only when direct pilot controller communications are maintained

Question 4

What is ATD?

Answer 4

A long track distance is the distance measured from a point in space by systems using area navigation reference capabilities that are not

Question 5

When can you not use 20 miles to separate DME aircraft?

Answer 5

Above 10,000 ft or closer than ten miles from the NAVAID with non DME aircraft

Question 6

How do you ensure all aircraft use DME mileages which allows all aircraft to have the same slant range error?

Answer 6

SAY DME

Question 7

If aircraft have less than ten minutes when leaving your airspace what must be done?

Answer 7

Coordinate with next sector

Question 8

What is the 44kt rule?

Answer 8

• Lead aircraft must be at least 44k faster, 3 minutes or 5 miles
• Can be used when departing aircraft follows an aircraft which has taken off from the same or adjacent airport, departing aircraft follows an enroute aircraft which
has reported over a fix serving a departure airport, enroute aircraft follows an enroute aircraft that has reported over the same fix

Question 9

What is the 22kt rule?

Answer 9

• Lead aircraft at least 22k faster, 5 minutes or 10 miles
• Can be used when departing aircraft follows an aircraft which has taken off from the same or adjacent airport, departing aircraft follows an enroute aircraft which
has reported over a fix serving a departure airport, enroute aircraft follows an enroute aircraft that has reported over the same fix

Question 10

When can you discontinue opposite direction vertical separation?

Answer 10

• When both aircraft have reported passing NAVAIDS, DME fixes, or waypoints indicating they have passed each other
• Both aircraft have reported passing the same intersection/waypoint and are at least 3 minutes apart

Question 11

When should you advise a pilot to use DME distances?

Answer 11

When applying DME separation