Long Quiz Flashcards
Act of the mind affirming or denying one concept with another
Judgment
A direct assertion about what is perceived
Immediate judgment
Reached at though a process of inference (reasoning)
Mediate judgment
Are those whose predicates are wholly contained in their subjects
Analytic judgments
Are those whose predicates are wholly distinct from their subjects
Synthetic judgments
Based upon reason alone
A priori
Must be grounded upon experience
A posteriori
Cannot arise
Analytic a posteriori
Are the relatively uncontroversial matters
Synthetic a posteriori
Everyone agrees
Analytic a priori
The crucial case
Synthetic a priori
4 types of categorical propositions
A
E
I
O
Refers to the differences among the 4 types of categorical propositions
Opposition
When two propositions talk about the same thing and have the same truth value
Equivalence
3 eduction processes
Conversion
Obversion
Contraposition
Simple conversion
Interchange s and p
Conversion by limitation (A only)(will be I)
Change quantity and interchange s and p
Obversion
Change quality and negate predicate
Contraposition
Negate and interchange both s and p
Contraposition by limitation (E only)(will be O)
Contraposition + change quantity
Introduced diagrams
Leonhard Euler
Diagrams has been demonstrated by
Gottfried Leibniz
English logician; lecturer at Cambridge university
John Venn
Stained glass of Venn Diagram was displayed where
Caius Hall at Cambridge University
A drawing, in which circular areas represent groups of items sharing common properties
Venn Diagram
