Locomotor

Question 0

Where does the obturator nerve originate?

Answer 0

L4-6

Question 1

Where does the femoral nerve originate?

Answer 1

L4-6

Question 2

Where does the sciatic nerve originate?

Answer 2

L6-2

Question 3

Is the femoral nerve:

1) motor
2) motor and sensory
3) just sensory

Answer 3

2) motor and sensory

Question 4

Is the obturator nerve:

1) motor
2) motor and sensory
3) just sensory

Answer 4

1) motor

Question 5

Name the nerves that innervate the hindlimb with somatic motor fibres

Answer 5

Femoral, obturator, sciatic, tibial, peroneal.

Question 6

Name the nerves that contribute to the sensory innervation of the hindlimb

Answer 6

Femoral (caudal and cranial branches), sciatic, peroneal, tibial, genitofemoral, saphenous

Question 7

What structures does the femoral nerve supply with somatic motor fibres?

Answer 7

Iliopsoas, Quadriceps, sartorius

Question 8

What structures does the obturator nerve supply with somatic motor fibres?

Answer 8

External obturator, pectineus, Adductor, Gracilis

Question 9

What structures does the sciatic nerve supply with somatic motor fibres?

Answer 9

Superficial gluteal, Gemelli, internal obturator, Quadratus femoris, middle, deep gluteal, tensor fascia lata, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Question 10

Describe the structure of the intervertebral disc

Answer 10

Annulus Fibrosus, tough outer ring and a soft centre called the nucleus pulposus

Question 11

Name the actions of the muscles that are present cranial to the hip joint in large animals. Name those muscles.

Answer 11

hip extensors. Found cranial to the hip is the middle gluteal.
hip abductor is also found cranial to hip, deep gluteal.

Question 12

Name the muscles that make up the hamstrings. Where would you find them precisely?

Answer 12

Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus. Origin found caudal to the hip joint, and insert partly on the tuber ischii. (Other branches and subsequent insertions)

Question 13

What muscles insert on the third trochanter?

Answer 13

The iliopsoas and the superficial gluteal

Question 14

What nerve innervates that deltoideus and the teres major?

Answer 14

Auxiliary nerve

Question 15

Which nerve innervates the subscapularis?

Answer 15

Subscapular nerve

Question 16

Where do all craniolateral muscles of the antebrachium orginate? What nerve are the innervated by? Which muscles make up this muscle group?

Answer 16

All originate on lateral humeral epidoncyle/ridge. All innervated by the radial nerve

1) ulnaris lateralis
2) lateral digital extensor
3) common digital extensor
4) extensor carpi radialis

Question 17

What is the lacertus fibrosis ?

Answer 17

An extension of the internal tendon of the biceps brachii, blends with epimyseum of extensor carpi radialis

Question 18

Which nerve is the hamstrings innervated by?

Answer 18

Sciatic nerve

Question 18

The biceps femoris inserts at three locations in the large animal hindlimb, where are they?

Answer 18

Distal femurs just proximal to the patella, the tibial tuberosity and the calcaneous

Question 19

Which of the hamstring muscles doesn’t have an insertion at the calcaneous? Is their insertion location/s medial or lateral on the hindlimb?

Answer 19

Semimembranosus.

2 medial attachments, one on distal femur, the other on proximal tibia.

Question 20

Name the 4 HIP EXTENSORS in the small animal forelimb. What nerves are they innervated by?

Answer 20

1) superficial gluteal
2) middle gluteal
3) deep gluteal
^gluteal nerve
4) hamstrings (biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus)
^sciatic nerve

Question 21

Name the three HIP FLEXORS. Which nerve are they innervated by?

Answer 21

1)rectus femoris
2) sartorius
3) iliopsoas
^femoral nerve

Question 22

Name the three ADDUCTORS OF THE HIP in the small animal hindlimb. What nerve are they innervated by?

Answer 22

1)Gracilis
2) pectineus
3) adductor muscle
^obturator nerve

Question 23

Name the STIFLE FLEXORS in the small animal hindlimb. What nerve are they innervated by?

Answer 23

1) hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus) 
^sciatic nerve 
2) gastrocnemius 
3) superficial digital flexor 
4) popliteus 
^tibial nerve

Question 24

Name the three DIGITAL FLEXORS of the small animals hindlimb. What nerve are they innervated by?

Answer 24

1)superficial digital flexor
2) interosseous
3) deep digital flexor
^tibial nerve

Question 25

Name the four components of the muscles that extend the stifle. What is their common insertion? What nerve are they innervated by?

Answer 25

1) rectus femoris
2) vastus lateralis
3)vastus medialis
4) vastus intermedius
All insert on the tibial tuberosity and are innervated by the femoral nerve.

Question 26

Name the four HOCK FLEXORS in the small animal. What nerve innervates them ?

Answer 26

1)cranial tibial
2) peroneus longus
3) long digital extensor
4) lateral digital extensor
All innervated by the peroneal nerve (branch of the sciatic nerve)

Question 27

Name the three HOCK EXTENSORS in the small animal. What nerve are they innervated by? Where is their common point of insertion?

Answer 27

Common insertion is the common calconeal tendon.
1)tendons from the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, Gracilis and gastrocnemius muscles
2) superficial digitise flexor branch inserts on calcaneous
Gastrocnemius and the superficial digital flexor innervated by the tibial nerve.