Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

0
Q

Which mesentry is the great mesentry a part of ?

A

The mesojejunoileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Are dorsal rami made up of sensory, somatic or autonomic fibres?

A

Made up of all 3, leaves the spine as a mixed nerve, so when the split is made into dorsal and ventral, mixed goes to both ventral and dorsal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do the right and left triangular ligaments connect?

A

The diaphragm to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s the function of the falciform ligament ?

A

Attaches liver to ventral body wall. Forms a link between the umbilical vein and the liver in young, regresses in adult.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the stomach lined by?

A

Simple columnar epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which area of the stomach would you find enzyme and acid secreting glands?

A

Fundus and body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the spleen ?

A

Lymphocyte production, blood storage and destruction of erythrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What duct supplies the Minor duodenal papilla ?

A

Accessory duct, links pancreas to duodenum directly, without mixing with bile. Lies cranial lay in the duodenum to the major duodenal papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What duct supplies the major duodenal papilla ?

A

The common bile duct, this is made up of the joining between cystic duct, the common hepatic duct and the major pancreatic duct.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is there a predisposition for blockages in the gut?

A

The ileocolic orifice, this is the opening between the ascending colon and the ileum. There is a narrowing between the two, which can get blocked.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the caecocolic orifice?

A

The opening between the ascending colon and the caecum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the paired abdominal arteries

A

Phrenicoabdominal, renal, testicular/ovarian, deep circumflex iliac, external iliac, internal iliac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name the unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Coeliac, cranial mesenteric, caudal mesenteric.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe, in detail, the blood supply to the stomach

A

Coeliac branches left to form the splenic artery and right to form the hepatic artery. The splenic artery branches off to form the left gastric artery and the left gastroepiploic, and the hepatic artery branches off to form the right gastric artery and the right gastroepiploic artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is the abdomen parasympathetically innervated?

A

Pelvic nerve S1,2,3 and the vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is the abdomen sympathetically innervated?

A

Paravertebral chain: innervated smooth muscle of abdominal wall
Prevertebral: coeliac ganglia > foregut, cranial mesenteric ganglion > midgut, caudal mesenteric ganglion > hindgut and hypogastric nerve (pelvic supply).

16
Q

Two prevertebral ganglia are hard to distinguish from one another anatomically, how is this reflected in their nomenclature?

A

The coeliac ganglion and the cranial mesenteric ganglion are known as the coeliacomesenteric ganglia.

17
Q

Where would you find the coronary ligament ?

A

Attaches the liver to the diaphragm via a ventral and dorsal layer, both of which are formed by the peritoneum. They create the bare area of the liver, as there is a space in between the layers, with no peritoneal covering. The rest of the liver is coated in peritoneum.

18
Q

Where is the gall bladder located?

A

Between right medial lobe and quadrate lobe of the liver.

19
Q

Where would you find the falciform ligament?

A

Between left medial lobe and quadrate lobe.

20
Q

Describe the structure of a multipyramidal kidney? What species have this type of kidney?

A

Lobes visible on the surface of the kidney, resembles a bunch of grapes. Divided medulla and cortex, no renal pelvis. Found in the Ox and in marine animals.

21
Q

Describe the structure of a multipapilate kidney. Which species would you expect to have this kind of kidney?

A

Fused cortex, divided medulla. Appears like a kidney bean, inside pyramids are formed by the divided medulla. Has a renal pelvis. Found in man and pigs.

22
Q

Describe the structure of a unipapilate kidney. Which species have this kind of kidney?

A

Fused cortex and medulla, bean shaped. Renal pelvis present. Found in horse, sheep, cats and dogs.

23
Q

What are stellate veins?

A

Superficial veins in the fibrous capsule of feline kidneys

24
Q

Where are glucocorticoids produced? Which hormones are glucocorticoids?

A

In the cortex of the adrenal gland. Cortisol and aldosterone produced.

25
Q

Where are adrenalin and noradrenalin produced?

A

In the medulla of the adrenal gland.

26
Q

What forms the two rings of the inguinal canal?

A

External ring = slit in the aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique
Internal ring = caudal boundary of internal abdominal oblique

27
Q

What passes through the inguinal canal?

A

Males/females: Testicular/ovarian artery, testicular/ovarian veins and nerves, mesoductus/mesorchium
Males: spermatic cord, vaginal process, external cremaster muscle, ductus deferens
Females: external pudendal vessels, genitofemoral nerve.

28
Q

What’s the difference between an indirect and a direct inguinal hernia?

A

An indirect hernia is where gut comes through the internal ring into the canal. A direct hernia is a weakening of the abdominal wall, where gut enters the canal dorsally.

29
Q

Which structures pass through the femoral canal?

A

The femoral artery and vein, the saphenous nerve and the iliopsoas muscle.

30
Q

What direction do ventral rami travel in?

A

Caudoventral

31
Q

Name the 5 major peritoneal folds

A

Omenta, mesoduodenum, mesojejunum, mesocolon, mesorectum

32
Q

Name the minor peritoneal folds

A

Right and left triangular ligament, coronary ligament, falciform ligament duodenocolic ligament, ileocaecal fold, hepatorenal fold, gastrosplenic fold, vesical fold.

33
Q

Describe the components that make up the fore, mid and hindgut

A

Foregut: Distal oesophagus to proximal duodenum
Midgut: jejunoileum, ascending colon and 2/3rds of the transverse colon.
Hindgut: 1/3 of the transverse colon, descending colon and rectum

34
Q

What would you find behind the root of the mesentry?

A

The cranial mesenteric artery

35
Q

Describe the function of each area of the true stomach

A

Cardia: secretes mucus
Fundus and body: enzymatic and acidic secretions
Pylorus: secretes mucus

36
Q

What is the purpose of the spleen?

A

Store blood, synthesise lymphocytes and destroy red blood cells

37
Q

Describe how the pancreas is suspended in the peritoneum

A

The right part is next to the duodenum and suspended by the mesoduodenum. The left side is part of the great mesentry

38
Q

Which vessels contribute to the caudal vena cava

A

The hepatic vein, renal vein, phrenicoabdominal veins, testicular/ovarian veins, deep circumflex iliac and common iliac

Anatomy (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions