LOCATION THEORY Flashcards
- explains the pattern of land use
- indicates a solution to the problem of what is the most rational use of land suggesting ways in which the current pattern can be improved.
Location theory
seeks to regulate or control the activity of individual and groups in such a way as to minimize the bad effects which may arise.
Planning
seeks to promote better performance of the physical environment in accordance with a set of broad aims and more specific objectives set out in a plan.
Planning
He introduced Location Theory
Johann Heinrich von Thünen
land in _________ would be as near as possible to the market on account of low transport costs.
greatest demand
the ________ varies with distance away from the market
type of land use
The _______ declines with distance away from the market
intensity of production
______ would have little demand for land because of transport costs
outer belt
- assumed unlikely conditions such as production taking place around an isolated market place and soil being of constant fertility.
- However, it established a distance-cost relationship which recently became the basis of urban location theory. As price mechanism largely decides the profitability or utility of goods and services, it subsequently determines the location of activity and the spatial structure of the urban area supplying these goods and services
Von Thunen model
_____ diminish outward from the center of a city to offset both lower revenue and higher operating costs and not least transport costs.
rents
Locational determinants of commercial and industrial use…
- Cost
- Revenue
- Profitability
- Location
price and rent of land fall with _________ distance from the CBD. Wages are higher in the center
increased
_______ for labor being greater than local supply.
local demand
commuting costs need to be offset by ______.
higher remuneration
locations close to_____ are particularly favored maximizing proximity to suppliers and markets.
junctions, nodes and terminals
______ are being developed following road improvement and increased car ownership.
decentralized shopping centers
________relies increasingly on heavy road vehicles for long distance transportation and incurs lower transport costs on the fringes of cities than at more central locations.
modern manufacturing industry
________ is determined by the size of the shopping catchment area or hinterland, not just in terms of population but in terms of purchasing power.
retailing revenue
in the case of offices, the ______ determine revenue.
spatial distribution, number and size of client establishments
is thus greatest within the CBD and so are the aggregate costs
revenue
as distance from the center increases, ____ falls and ____(after falling initially) rises. This is due to the upward pull of transport costs, which are no longer offset sufficiently by economies in the use of land and labor.
revenue; aggregate costs
only within a fairly short distance from the CBD are commercial users able to realize _______.
high profitability
A mixture of interacting influences usually explain each locational decision.
profitability
high levels of accessibility within the CBD are reflected in ________ attracting greatest demand for commercial sites
low transport cost
_______ outside urban areas will attract a much lower level of demand.
low over-all accessibility and high transport cost
______ serving the urban market will locate centrally.
specialized functions and activities
firms requiring large sites and those attempting to reduce costs of over-concentration will be attracted to the ____
suburbs
firms locating close together to benefit from complementary will incur _____ because of external economies and enjoy higher revenue due to joint demand.
lower costs
Only method to economically achieve the value added by location is to create it on inexpensive land through____.
Planned Neighborhood Development.
