EKISTICS Flashcards
*Greek Architect and Town planner
*Known as the lead architect of Islamabad
*Father of Ekistics
*Ekistics was coined by
Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis
as a science of human settlement and outlined its scope, aims, intellectual framework and relevance.
Ekistics
The target is to build the ____ , that is, a city which respects human dimensions.
city of optimum size
aims to encompass all scales of human habitation and seeks to learn from the archaeological and historical record by looking not only at great cities, but, as much as possible, at the total settlement pattern.
Ekistics
BASIC PARTS OF COMPOSITE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
- Homogeneous parts-fields
- Central parts-built-up villages
- Circulatory parts-roads & paths within the fields
- Special parts
Classification of human settlements
- Sizes
- Location of Settlements
- Physical Forms
- Five Elements of Human Settlements
- Functions
- Time Dimension
- Degree of society’s conscious involvement in settlements creation
- Institutions, legislations and administrations
Settlements type
- Conurbation
- City
- Large town
- Small town
- Village
- Hamlet
- Isolated dwelling
a super city consisting of multiple cities and towns. The population is usually several million.
Conurbation
a city with a large population and many services. The population is >1 millionpeople.
Large City
would have abundant services, but not as many as a large city. The population of a ___ is over 100,000people.
City
has a population of 20,000 to100,000
Large town
has a population of 1,000 to20,000
Town
generally does not have many services, possibly only a small corner shop or post office. A ____has a population of 100 to1,000.
Village
has a tiny population (<100) and very few (if any) services, and few buildings.
Hamlet
would only have 1 or 2 buildings or families in it. It would have negligible services, if any
Isolated dwelling
is (usually—see below) a rural community —a small settlement —which is too small to be considered a village. A hamlet has a tiny population (<100) and very few (if any) services, and fewbuildings.
hamlet
is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet, but smaller than a town or city. Though generally located in ruralareas.
village
is a type of settlement ranging from a few to several thousand (occasionally hundreds of thousands) inhabitants. Usually, a “town” is thought of as larger than a village but smaller than a”city”,
town
is an urban area with a large population and a particular administrative, legal, or historical status.
city
a large population center consisting of a large metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence
consists of many neighborhoods
metropolitan area
is an urban area or agglomeration comprising a number of cities, large towns and larger urban areas that, through population growth and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous urban and industrially developed area.
consists of many different metropolitan areas that are connected with one another and are usually interdependent economically andsocially.
conurbation
Basic Principles of Ekistics
- MAXIMIZATION OF HUMAN POTENTIALS
- MINIMIZATION OF EFFORTS
- OPTIMIZATION OF MAN’S PROTECTIVE SPACE
- OPTIMIZATION OF MAN’S RELATIONSHIP WITH HIS ENVIORMENT
- OPTIMIZATION OF FOUR PREVIOUS PRENCIPLES
nomadic, agricultural, urban, urban industrial
Macro scale
specific area at a limited period of time
Micro scale
the new Capital of Pakistan, planned by Constantinos A. Doxiadis and Doxiadis
Associates in the late 1950s, is now a fast-growing city of about 1.5 million inhabitants, forming,
together with the adjacent old city of Rawalpindi and a National Park, a Metropolitan Area (Greater
Islamabad/Rawalpindi Area) of about 4.5 million inhabitants.
Islamabad
was created by Spanish Governor Luis Pérez Dasmariñas as a permanent settlement for converted Chinese immigrants (called sangleys) across the river from the walled city of Intramuros where the Spaniards resided.
Binondo
It was built to protect the seat of the Spanish government from hostile native revolts, and raiding Chinese sea pirates.
Intramuros
The plans for Intramuros were based on ______ of Spain’s Royal Ordinance issued on July 3, 1573 in San Lorenzo, Spain.
King Philip II
Following Magellan, Spanish explorers led by Miguel López de Legazpi sailing
from Mexico arrived in 1565 and established a colony in the island of Cebu
Cebu
was first settled primarily by the Kankana-eys and the Ibalois.
Baguio
The famous American architect ____, one of the earliest successful modern city planners, laid a meticulous plan for the Baguio city in 1904.
Daniel Burnham
refers to the actual piece of ground on which the settlement isbuilt.
Site
Site Factors
- Water supply
- Relief
- Defence
- Transport
- Soil
- Resources
refers to the location of the village or town in relation to surrounding areas.
Situation or Position
are usually farms. They are spread out because of the space taken up by fields.
Dispersed settlements
sometimes follow the shape of the land. It is easier to build on the floor of a valley than on the steep sides.
also follow features such as roads, railway lines or rivers.
Linear settlements
are where buildings are clustered round a central point. The centre of the settlement may be a crossroads, a church, a water supply, or a market place.
also occur on hilltops
Nucleated settlements
often have a regular pattern.They may have a square shape,or a crescent shape
Planned settlements
Different types of city layout
- Irregular layout
- Grid plan
- Radiocentric layout
SETTLEMENT FUNCTIONS
- Residential
- Administrative
- Industrial
- Commercial
- Services
- Tourism
the main function of many settlements today is to give people places to live. People may live in one settlement and work inanother.
RESIDENTIAL
local authority offices run the local services, such as road maintenanceand wastedisposal.
ADMINISTRATIVE
goods are manufactured in factories. Today many factories are located in business parks on the outskirts
INDUSTRIAL
shopping centres and recreation facilities, such as sports centres and cinemas, provide services
COMMERCIAL
settlements contain public services, such as schools, hospitals andlibraries.
SERVICES
some settlements are attractive to tourist. Many coastal settlements in Spain have change from fishing village into large tourist resorts.
TOURISM
