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Pharma 5 > local anesthetics continued drugs > Flashcards

local anesthetics continued drugs Flashcards

1
Q

these two locals are in emla cream and used for?

A

lidocaine
prilocaine
topical admin

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2
Q

Most to least cardiac toxic 4

Big
L
Really
Like

cake

A

bupivacaine
levobupivacaine
ropivacaine
lidocaine

related to lipophilicity

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3
Q

this concertation of what drug highest risk for neurotoxicity

A

5% lidocaine

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4
Q

More caution has to be taken in regards to neurotoxicity when doing these types of blocks (location/type)

A

neuraxial

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5
Q

what type of local is metabolized to PABA

A

esters

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6
Q

methemoglobinemia S/S

A

cyanosis
chocolate colored urine
headache

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7
Q

What two drugs can cause methemoglobinemia

A

benzocaine

prilocaine

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8
Q

least effective and most effective LA to use in inflamed tissue ?

A

bupivacaine least

mepivacaine most

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9
Q

procaine/nonvaccine
short/long acting?
lipophilicity?
Toxicity is?

A

short acting
low lipophilicity
toxicity is uncommon

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10
Q 
Chloroprocaine? 
short/long acting?
lipophilicity?  
Toxicity is? 
toxicity would be increased by?
A 
Chloroprocaine
rapid onset/short acting 
moderate lipophilicity
can be used at high concentrations with low toxicity 
plasma cholinesterase deficiency
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11
Q

What drug can be made using the preservative methylparaben

A

Chloroprocaine

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12
Q

methylparaben is bad why

A

neural inflammation

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13
Q

what ester LA is the longest acting

why?

A

tetracaine

highly lipophilic

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14
Q

Tetracaine is excellent for ?

A

topical anesthetic

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15
Q

tetracaine is used for _____ but not ____

A

spinals but not epidural

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16
Q

which LA ester has high protein binding

A

Tetracaine

17
Q

this drug would be used for ophthalmic and topical anesthesia

A

cocaine

18
Q

cocaine at what speed dissociates from the NA channel

A

slowly

19
Q

this ester LA would be used for pain control and gagging

A

cetacaine

benzocaine butamben, tetracaine

20
Q

this drug is approved for mucous membranes for ENT procedures

A

cetacaine

benzocaine butamben, tetracaine

21
Q

this drug is banana colored and flavored and used as a spray

A

cetacaine

benzocaine butamben, tetracaine

22
Q

only spray cetacaine
benzocaine butamben, tetracaine for ____seconds
___second sprays contraindicated

A

1

2

23
Q

This is the longest acting amide LA

why?

A

bupivacaine

high lipophilicity

24
Q

This is the most commonly used LA

A

Lidocaine

25
Q

Lidocaine
short/long acting?
lipophilicity?

A

moderate lipophilicity

medium duration of action

26
Q

This drug has a higher therapeutic index than bupivacaine R/T lower Cardiac and CNS toxicity

A

lidocaine

27
Q

Acidosis increases the toxicity of this drug due to decreased plasma protein binding

A

lidocaine

28
Q

this drug has properties similar to lidocaine but lower lipophilicity

A

prilocaine

29
Q

this drug isn’t used often due to risk of methemoglobinemia

A

Prilocaine

30
Q

This preparation of this drug is banned by the FDA for obstetrics

A

0.75% bupivacaine

31
Q

this drug has a high risk of cardiac toxicity due to fast on slow off the heart and binds more avidly and longer than lidocaine

A

bupivacaine

32
Q

The S enantiomer of bupivacaine that is less CNS and cardiac toxic

A

levobupivacaine

33
Q

the patient may not see aura of CNS toxicity prior to CV collapse if using this drug

A

bupivacaine

34
Q

this is a less potent S enantiomer, moderate lipophilic, reduced CV toxic than bupivacaine, but less potent

A

ropivacaine

35
Q

used extensively for epidural and regional peripheral blocks, but not approved for spinal anesthesia

A

ropivacaine

36
Q

ester LA in order least to most lipophilic

3

A

procaine/novocain
Chloroprocaine
Tetracaine

Pharma 5 (9 decks)

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