lo5 control and regulatory systems Flashcards
up to malfunctions
what is the nervous system responsible for
receives, transmits and responds to information from the external environment and the body’s internal environment
what is the central nervous system responsible for
- control centre of the body
-brain and spinal cord connected
what is the spinal cord responsible for
-protected by specialised bones called vertebrae
- bones have hollow centre
- transfers nerves to and from brain
what is autonomic nervous system for
- controls and regulates processes such as heart rate, involuntary (peristalsis)
sensory and motor neurons (somatic)
- sensory neurons transmit information from the senses to the brain (earsm eyes)
- motor neurons transmit information from the muscles to the brain
- sensory and motor nerve pathways work together (ie pick up a pen)
peripheral nervous system
nerves outside CNS, makes up PNS
relays information from brain to spinal cord
reverses information from body to brain and spinal cord
what are the two components of the autonomic nervous system
sympathetic, parasympathetic
what are the two components if the somatic nervous system
sensory nervous system and motor nervous system
what is the cerebal cortex
wrinkly outerlayer
thinking and processing
4 lobes and each is responsibke for processing information
what is the cerebellum
back of the skull, coordinates and regulated muscle activity
gross and fine motor skills ie walking
controls muscles to maintain balance
what is the frontal lobe
higher mental processes, decision making, problem solving, planning
what is the corpus callosum
connects the two hemispheres for communication, bridge of nerve tissue
what is the hypothalamus
maintenance of body temperatures and regulates appetite and thirst
what is the medulla
carries out and regulates life functions (breathing, swallowing, heart rate)
what is the meninges
three outermost layers of membrane surrounding brain and spinal cord, provides barrier from the rest of the body, protection from infection
what are the dendrons (dendrites)
shorter branched, receive electrical impulses, conducted away, can be 1000 of them
what is the myelin sheath
fatty white substance which is a protective insulin layer, quick electrical impulses
what is a neuron
transmits electrical impulses (information) from one part of the body to another
name the 4 steps of synaptic transmission
- electrical impulse travels along the axon
- triggers nerve ending neuron to release neurotransmitters
- chemicals diffuse acorss synapse (transmit signals)
- bind with receptor molecules on membrane of the next neuron
what is the function of synaptic transmission
to transfer information (electric activity) from cells
what is synaptic transmission
information flowing from one neuron across a synapse
how many elements does a synapse have and name them
3 elements
1. pre synaptic membrane
2. post synaptic membrane
3. synaptic cleft
what is the endocrine system responsible for
control, regulation, production of hormones
what are hormones responsible for
chemical messengers carried in the blood, regulated body functions
- reproduction
- metabolism energy balance
- growth and development
- body defences
-homeostasis
- water nutrients electrocyte balance