LO1 Flashcards
Levels of structure in body
Atoms
Molecules, Cells
Tissue
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms
Where is extra/intra fluid
Example
Intra=in cell- interstution fluid or cytoplasm
Extra=out cell- plasma
Semi permeable membrane made from?
Phospholipid
4 functions of water in body
•cooling
•lubricants/moisten
•transport nutrients
•shock absorption
•digestion
•PH
•fluid levels (osmoregulation)
Sensible losses
Urine/waste. Can be measured
Insensible losses
Vapour from lungs due to humidity
Sweating
Litres in male plus %
42L + 60%
Fluid loss in elderly is serious,why?
Hold less water in body
Can’t feel the need to drink much
Diffusion is what?
What type of transport?
•movement of concentration from low to high in a cell
•Passive transport no energy used
Diffusion is what?
What type of transport?
•Equalises concentration from high to low in a cell
•Passive transport no energy used
What is osmosis?
What type of process
•Diffusion of water-solution of low concentration to a solution of high concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
•Passive no energy used
Osmotic pressure is?
Movement of water to where needed.
What is an osmoreceptor
Detects balance of water (change in osmotic pressure)
Osmosis in a solution
What concentration of water is in a high concentration of a solution
High concentration of the solute means low water and viceversa
What is filtration
What type of energy
Passage of water solution through a membrane
Passive
What is active transport?
What type energy needed+how+where made?
•It is the movement of a low concentration to a high
•From a sodium potassium pump
•Requires ATP made in mitochondria
Type of energy body uses
ATP
What is homeostasis?
Keeping internal conditions constant
What does Homeostasis keep constant?
Examples
•Body temp
•water concentration
•PH levels
•CO2+O2 levels in blood
2 main body systems Homeostasis controls
Nervous system (body’s functions)
Endocrine (release of hormones)
Process for water balancing
•OSMORECEPTORS see change in OSMOTIC PRESSURE
•HYPOTHALAMUS activates PITUITARY GLAND to realise ADH
•KIDNEYS increase REABSORPTION of WATER to BLOOD VESSELS
•stops when OSMOTIC PRESSURE balances then ADH is stopped
Example of positive feedback?
Release of oxytocin in child birth
