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Biological Classification > Living > Flashcards

Living Flashcards

1
Q

Growth characters
It is

A

Increase in mass and increase in no.
An irreversible permanent increase in the size

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2
Q

Multiceliver,unicellular grows
In plants growth
In animals growth.

A

By cell division
Cell division through life
Cell division occurs in certain tissues t0 replace lost cells

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3
Q

Growth
Intrinsic
Extrinsic

A

Inside of the body defining property eg living things
Outside of body eg non living things

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4
Q

Multicellular growth and reproduction are
Unicellular growth and reproduction one

A

Multi= mutually exclusive events
Uni = mutually inclusive events

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5
Q

Reproduction in unicellular organisms

A

Synonyms with growth i.e increase in no.

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6
Q

Do not reproduce

A

Mules, infertile human couple, sterile worker bees

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7
Q

By asexual spores
True regeneration

A

Algae and fungi
Planaria

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8
Q

By budding
By fragmentation

A

Yeast and Hydra
Algae, fungi, profonoma of moss (brophytes)

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9
Q

Metabolism

A

The sum total of all chemical reaction occurring in living body
Defining character

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10
Q

Invitro reactions

A

Neither living nor non lining but surely living reaction

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11
Q

Consciousness

A

Ability 10 sense the surrounding environments
Respond to these environment stimuli [physical chemical biological ]

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12
Q

Photoperiodism
Seasonal breeders

A

Plants exhibit flowering in particular season
Some animals perform brooding in particular season only

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13
Q

Human is only organism

A

Who is aware of him self i.e has self consciousness

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14
Q

Coma-patient

A

Brain dead
Has consciousness but doesn’t have self consciousness

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15
Q

Properties of cellular organelle

A

Arise as a results of interactions among the molecular components comprising the organelle

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16
Q

Living organisms are

A

self replicating
Self evolving
Self regulating
Adaption
Homeostasis

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17
Q

Horizontally study
Vertically study

A

Existence in given time
Evolutionary point of view

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18
Q

Taxonomy word given by
Book

A

AP.de Candolle
Theory of elementary botany

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19
Q

Identification
Nomenclature
Classification
Characterisation

A

Correctly recognised and described
Naming of organisms according to international scientific rules
Organism Grouped in to convenient categories
Characters of organisms

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20
Q

Systematics derived from
By
Publication

A

Systema = systematic arrangement of organisms
Linnaeus
Systema naturae

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21
Q

Cytotaxonomy

A

Chromosome no. Structure, behaviour

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22
Q

Chemo taxonomy

A

Alkaloids, carotenoids, tannins, polysaccharides, nuclei al ids fatty acids amino acids
Aromatic compound.

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23
Q

No. Of species
Practical significance of taxonomy

A

1.7 - 1.8 million (10 lakh )
Identification of unknown organisms

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24
Q

Founder of binomial system
Book ( plants)
Published

A

Linnaeus
Species plantarum
1May 1753

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25
Linnaeus animals book Published on
Systema natural (10th edition) 1 August 1758
26
ICBN Accepted 1st revised ICZN
International code for botanical nomenclature 1961 1975 International code of zoological nomen elate
27
Tautonyms Naja Naja Rattus rattus
Same generic, specific epithet Not valid in plants but valid in animals Indian cobra Rat
28
Practical classification based on Oil yielding plants Fibre yielding plants
Plant classified on basis of economic important /uses of various organisms Earlist system Coconut ,ground nut (peanut) ,soyabean Jute cotton
29
Medicine plants Spices yielding plants
Rauwolfia, cinchona, clove, Ginger, turmeric Ginger, turmeric, clove, coriander, chilli
30
Artificial classification is Proposed by Book No of class based on Also known as
One or two morphological characters Linnaeus Genera plantaram 23 class on basis of stamen (structure of androecium ) Sexual classification
31
Artificial classification. Class Weightage
23 class = phanerogams [ gymnosperm& angiosperms ] I class = cryptogamia brogophyties [ algae fungi mosses ] pteridophytes [ ferms) Equal weighage is given to both vegetative & reproduce
32
Natural classification is basis Weightage
Complete or gross morphology [ root, shoot etc] Based on natural affinities among organisms the external features but also internal features Reproductive /floral / sexual characters >>> Best classification
33
Natural non phylogenetic
Formal The phylogeny of plant is not considered only gross morphology considered
34
Natural phylogenetic
Both gross morphology and phylogeny are considered.
35
Phylogeny Term Detailed explanation
Lamarck Charles Darwin = origin of species (1859)
36
Numerical taxonomy Also known as Is Importance
Phenetic Using computers and based on all observable characteristics Equal importance ===
37
7 main taxonomic categories
Obligate/ broad categories Kingdom Division/phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
38
Mango kingdom division class
Plantae Angiospermae Dicotyledonae
39
Mango order family genus species
Sapíndales Anacardiaceae Mangífera Mangifera indica
40
Human kingdom phylum class order
Animalia Chordata Mammalia Primata
41
Human family genus species
Hominidae Homo Homo sapiens
42
Taxa
Plant group or animal groups included in category
43
Convenient categories Different taxa at different level
Wheat rice plants animals mammals Animals, mammals, dogs
44
Suffix Division Class Order Family
-Phyta -opsida,-phyceae -ae -ales -aceae
45
Taxonomic group / categories are
Distinct biological entities and are not merely morphological aggregates
46
Species basis
Distinguish based on distinct morphological difference
47
Genus
Aggregates of closely related species May have one or more specific epithets. Have morphological similarities
48
Potato Brinjal Makoi
Genus Solanum tuberosum Solanum melongena Solanum nigrum
49
Family is Basis
Group of related genera Characterised on basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant
50
Genus solanaceae
Solanum Petunia Datura
51
Order Basis
Assemblage of related families Characterised by floral characters
52
Class polymoniales
Family Convolvulaceae Solanaceae
53
Order and. Other higher taxonomic category
Are identified on basis of aggregates of characters
54
Class is Dicotyledonae
Related orders Sapíndales Polymonials
55
As we go higher from species to kingdom Common character General character
Common character decreases General character increases
56
Housefly kingdom phylum class
Animalae Arthropoda Insecta
57
Housefly order. Family genus species
Diptera Muscidae Musca Musca domestica
58
Wheat kingdom division class order
Angiospermae Monocotyledonae Poales
59
Family genus species wheat
Poaceae Triticum Triticum aestivum
60
Plantae division
Algae Bryophyta Pteridophyta Gym.nospermae Angie's permmea
61
Dicotyledonae order Polymonials family
Polymonialses , sapíndales Solanaceae convolvulaceae
62
Sapíndales family Solanaceae genus
Anacardiacea Solanum, petunia, datura
63
Anacardiaceae genus Solanum species
Mangifera Solanum nigrum (makoi) Solanum tuberosum [potato) Solanum melongena ( brinjal)
64
Mammalia order Carnivora family
Primate Carnivora Felidae Canidae
65
Felidae genus Panthara species Canidae species
Panthera felis Panthera Leo (lion) Panthera pardus (leopord) Panthera Tigris [tiger) Canis familiaris (cat)
66
Herbarium definition / also known as Size Used as
A store house / repository / dry garden of collected plant specimens that are fired pressed and preserved on sheets 11:5 x 16.5 inches Quick referral system
67
Herbarium sheet carry
Label providing information about date and place of collection English local botanical names Family collectors name
68
Botanical garden Kew Howrah Lucknow
Plant species are grown Royal botanical garden Indian botanical garden National botanical research institute
69
Biological museum Insects
Collection of preserved plant and animal specimens Preserved after collecting killing pinning
70
Key based Lead
On contrasting characters generally in pair called couplet Choice b/w two opposite options Earache statement in key is caked a lead
71
Flora
Actual account of habitat and distribution of plants of particular area
72
Catalogue
Small booklet which gives an account of special books of botanical titles ,full name of authors and their publication +nt on given area
73
Manuals
Useful in providing information for identification of names of specie of on area
74
Monographs
They contain information on any one taxon
75
Species concept Term
John ray
76
Biological concept of species Proposed (also known as ) Definition Exception
Ernst Mayr [Darwin of 20th century ] Group of members which can interbreed naturally and produce fertile progeny When species is determined on basis of in ter breeding Prokaryotes because they do not reproduce by sexual reproduction
77
Taxonomic concept of species
When species is determined on basis of morphological character
78
Basis of modern taxonomy
External internal structure Structure of cell Development process Ecological information of organisms

Biological Classification (5 decks)

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