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SBO5 > Liver, GB, Pancreas anatomy > Flashcards

Liver, GB, Pancreas anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Introduce the liver

A

Function 500+
Structure weights 1500

Location RUQ and part of LUQ separated from TS cavity by diaphragm

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2
Q

What are the surfaces of the liver

A

Diaframatic surface

Visceral surface

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3
Q

What is the porta hepatic ?

A 
Portal fissure or transverse fissure on visceral surface of liver that give passageway for 
Portal vein 
Hepatic artery 
hepatic n plexus 
hepatic ducts 
Lymph vessels
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4
Q

What are the lesser momentum of the liver ?

A

lesser momentum: lesser curvature of stomach and attaches to portal fissure. split in 2 all vessels go into the inferior of the lesser momentum attached by the hepatoduodenal ligament .
Hepatogastric ligament is the rest of the lesser momentum

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5
Q

What are the peritoneal ligaments of the liver

A

falciform ligament
round ligament: remanent of umbilical vein
ligaments venous: remanent of ductus venous
coronary ligament.: demarcates bare area
Triangular ligaments: folds that connect liver to diaphragm rt and lt triangular ligaments

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6
Q

What is the blood supply to liver?

A 
Portal Vein (70%)
•Formed by SMV & splenic v. just post. to the neck of pancreas
•Conveys nutrient-rich blood from stomach and intestines 
Hepatic Artery (30%) 
•Branch of Celiac a. – provides oxygenated blood
•At or close to porta hepatis, both vessels divide into Lt + Rt branches (supply corresponding part of li
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7
Q

What is the venous and lymph supply to the liver

A

Hepatic veins

Lymph drainage:
hepatic nodes
phrenic nodes

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8
Q

What is the Nerve supply to the liver

A

Hepatic plexus:

  • Sympathetic supply T5-T9 celiac plexus
  • Parasympathetic CNX
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9
Q

What are the functions of the liver ?

A
  • Synthesis: bile, plasma protein, hormones, haemopoesis
  • detoxification: break down blood and alcohol, & turns ammonia to urea
  • metabolism and storage
    breaks down and stores fat carbohydrate aminos
  • excretion: bilirubin
  • imune function
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10
Q

What is the histology of the liver?

A

liver lobules: functional unit

Portal tract: structure found in each corner of lobule

  • hepatic a
  • hepatic portal v
  • bile duct
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11
Q

What is Hepatic Acinus?

A

Break down of liver in functional units:

resin between central veins

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12
Q

What is the structure of a Bile tree?

A

Rt and Lt hepatic ducts in the liver form common hepatic duct which joins the cystic duct to form the bile duct

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13
Q

What is the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

A

When the pancreatic duct joins the bile cyst to form hepatopancreatic ampulla.

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14
Q

Introduce the gall bladder

A

Structure: pear shaped muscle sac. Divided in Fundus, body, neck

Location: visceral surface of liver

Function: storage and concentration of bile

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15
Q

What is the neuromuscular supply to the gall bladder?

A

Arterial: cystic A.

Venous: Cystic V

Lymph: Cystic nodes & hepatic nodes

Nerve:

  • Parasympathetic: CNX
  • Sympathetic: Splanchnic n. T5-9 (celiac plexus)
  • Sensory: Rt phrenic n.
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16
Q

What is the Histology of the gallbladder?

A

Mucosa: simple columnar epithelium

Muscularis: Smooth m. collagen + elastin

Adventina: fibrous outer layer surface attached to liver

Serosa: other surface not attached to liver peritoneal surface

17
Q

Introduce the pancreas

A

Structure: elongated tadpole shaped gland 15cm

location: Lt hypogastric and epigastric regions. found between spleen and duodenal, and is found behind stomach.

Function: Exocrine or endocrine gland

18
Q

What are the regions of the pancreas?

A

Head
- uncinate process: hook of head

Neck
Body
Tail

19
Q

What are the pancreatic ducts?

A

Main pancreatic duct: goes from tail to head

Accessory pancreatic duct: drains inferior part of head drains into minor duodenal papillae.

20
Q

What are the pancreatic sphincters?

A

Sphincter of pancreatic duct
Sphincter of bile duct
hepatopancreatic sphincter

21
Q

What us the arterial supply of the pancreas?

A

Splenic artery

Anterior & posterior superiorpancreaticoduode

Anterior & posterior inferior pancreaticoduod

22
Q

What us the venousl supply of the pancreas?

A

Pancreatic veins

Lymph: pancreatic nodes

23
Q

What is the Nerve supply to the pancreas?

A

parasympathetic : CNX

Sympathetic: abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves (T5-9) via the celiac ganglia

24
Q

What is the histology of the pancreas?

A

EXOCRINE PORTION
•Acinar cells: Acinar cells possess abundant rough ER and zymogen granules (inactive enzymes)
•Secrete enzyme-rich pancreatic juice into the ductal system
•Ductal cells also secrete water & HCO

ENDOCRINE PORTION
•Pancreatic islets are scattered among the acinar cells
•Contain hormone-producing cells (endocrine function)

25
Q

What is Digestion?

A

catabolic process of break down complex food molecules to monomers

SBO5 (16 decks)

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