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clinical chemistry > Liver Function Test > Flashcards

Liver Function Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Plasma level of total protein

A

0.2 to 0.4 g/dl slightly higher than serum due to fibrinogen

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2
Q

the two test that provide the most useful indices for assessing severity of liver disease

A

(Synthetic Liver Function ) Serum Albumin and Vit. K dependent coagulation factor

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3
Q

how many mg of bilirubin is produce daily in the healthy adult

A

200-300mg of bilirubin

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4
Q

How many g of albumin daily is produce by the normal liver

A

12 g

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5
Q

The anatomic unit or functional unit of the liver

A

Hepatic Lobule

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6
Q

A test for hepatocellular fxn and potency of bile duct

A

Bromsulfathalein Dye Excretion Test

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7
Q

Ammonia reference value as serum

A

19-60 ug/dl or 11-35 mmol/L

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8
Q

name 7 enzymes that are secreted in the Liver

A

ALP , Aminotransferase , 5’ nucleotidase , GGT , OCT , LAP and LD

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9
Q

Enzyme secreted in the liver that is specific for Alcoholic Hepatitis

A

GGT

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10
Q

Reference value for Total Protein

A

6.5-8.3 g/dl

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11
Q

Give 1 Clinical significance or disease associated with Gamma Spike

A

Multiple myeloma

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12
Q

Give 1 Clinical significance or disease associated with alpha 1 globulin flat curve

A

Juvenile cirrhosis ( AAT deficiency )

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13
Q

Give 1 Clinical significance or disease associated with Beta gamma bridging

A

Hepatic Cirrhosis

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14
Q

Give 1 Clinical significance or disease associated with alpha 2 globulin band spike

A

nephrotic syndrome

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15
Q

Is an alternative test to chemical analysis of serum Total Protein

A

Refractometry

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16
Q

A Method/ Test in Total Protein that is based on the principle that Cupric ion complex the groups involved in the PEPTIDE BOND forming a violet colored chelates which is proportional to the number of peptide bonds present and reflects TOTAL protein level at 545 nm

A

Biuret Method

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17
Q

Method in Total Protein that has the HIGHEST ANALYTICAL SENSITIVITY

A

Folin Ciocalteu

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18
Q

Other name of Folin Ciocalteu

A

Lowry Method

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19
Q

A Method/ Test in Total Protein that is based on the principle OXIDATION OF PHENOLIC CPDS. such as tyrosine , tryptophan and histidine

A

Folin-Ciocalteu

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20
Q

According to Kjeldahl 1 g of Nitrogen is equivalent to how many grams of Protein?

A

6.54 g of Protein

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21
Q

A Method/ Test in Total Protein that is based on the principle that the absorbance of protein at 210nm is due to the absorbance of the peptide bond specific wavelength (280 nm)

A

UV absorption Method

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22
Q

It is the reference method for Total Protein but not routinely use

A

Kjeldahl Method

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23
Q

Reference value for Albumin

A

53-65% or 3.5-5.0 g/dl

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24
Q

Reference value for y-Globulin

A

12-22% or 0.8-1.6 g/dl

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25
Q

Spikes of a1 , a2 and B globulin bands indicates

A

Inflammation

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26
Q

Globulin is Soluble to ______ and _____.

A

Weak Salt soln. and Hydrocarbon solvents

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27
Q

Albumin is Soluble to _____ and ______.

A

Water and Concentrated salt soln

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28
Q

Albumin is Insoluble to _______, _______ and ______

A

Saturated salt soln
Highly conc. salt soln
Hydrocarbon solvent

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29
Q

Globulin is insoluble to ____, ____ and ______.

A

Water , Conc and Saturated salt soln.

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30
Q

Is the hereditary absence of albumin ; inability to synthesize albumin

A

analbuminemia

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31
Q

Most commonly used dye in for Protein

A

BCG

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32
Q

Most specific dye for Protein

A

BCP

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33
Q

True or False the presence of penicillin may cause falsely INCREASE RESULT of serum albumin

A

False it may cause falsely low serum Albumin

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34
Q

It differentiates intrahepatic disorder from extrahepatic obstructive liver disease

A

Prothrombin time ( Vit. K response Test)

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35
Q

Preferred specimen for Ammonia Determination

A

Arterial Blood if Venous blood is use tourniquet should be use minimally, and first clenching and relaxing avoided during collection

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36
Q

Formula for Deta Bilirubin

A

TotalBilirubin - Indirect Bilirubin + Direct Bilirubin

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37
Q

Conversion factor for Bilirubin

A

17.1

38
Q

Other name for Hepatic Lobule

A

Acini

39
Q

Reference value for Indirect bilirubin

A

0.2-0.8 mg/dl

40
Q

Reference value for Direct Bilirubin

A

0-0.2mg/dl

41
Q

Reference value for Total Bilirubin

A

0.2-1.0 mg/dl

42
Q

Is the presence of two albumin bands instead of a single bnd in electrophoresis

A

Bisalbuminemia

43
Q

Reference value for a1-globulin

A

2.5-5% ( 0.1 - 0.3 mg/dl )

44
Q

Reference value for a2-globulin

A

7 - 13% ( 0.6 - 1.0 mg/dl )

45
Q

A globulin that increases as a non-specific response to inflammation

A

a1-globulin

46
Q

Rgt use in Kjeldahl Method

A

Sulfuric Acid , Tungstic Acid

47
Q

Rgt use in Biuret Method

A

Alkaline Copper Sulfate
Rochele Salt ( NaK Tartrate)
NaOH , KI2

48
Q

Biuret Method Detects Protein Concentration ___ mg/dl

A

10 or 15 mg/dl

49
Q

Folin Ciocalteau Main Rgt

A

Phosphotungstic molybdic acid or phenol rgt

50
Q

Rgt use in Salt Fractionation

A

Sodium Sulfate

51
Q

Reference value for A/G ratio

A

1-3.0 : 1

52
Q

Final Reaction of Evelyn Malloy Method

A

Pink to purple azobilirubin

53
Q

Final Reaction of Jendrassik Method

A

Pink to Blue Azobilirubin

54
Q

Buffer use in Jendrassik Method

A

Sodium Acetate

55
Q

Jendrassik Grof Method is not affected by Hgb up to ____ mg/dl and pH changes

A

750 mg/dl

56
Q

Also known as Conjugation Deficit

A

Crigler - Naljar Syndrome

57
Q

Also known as Bilirubin Excretion Deficit

A

Dublin Johnson Syndrome and Rotor Syndrome

58
Q

Are often the only indication of cell injury in early or localized Liver Disease

A

Enzyme Test

59
Q

Visible Icterisia occurs when bilirubin is ___mg/dl

A

25mg/L

60
Q

Also known as Bilirubin Transport Deficit

A

Gilbert’s Syndrome

61
Q

In Prothrombin Time Vit. K is administered INTRAMUSCULARLY , ___mg daily for _ to _ days

A

10mg for 1-3 days

62
Q

In adults it is the most common cause of Hyperbilirubinemia

A

Cholelithiasis

63
Q

Total Bilirubin is measured in how minutes after adding methanol or caffein soln

A

15mins

64
Q

Coomassie brilliant blue dye is for dectection of proteins to as little as ___

A

1ug

65
Q

Ninhydrin which develops a ___ color by reacting with primary amines is widely used for detection of peptides and amino acid after ____ chromatography

A

Violet , Paper

66
Q

Use for amino acid analyses

A

Ion Exchange Column

67
Q

Reference value for Delta bilirubin

A
68
Q

Is a familial form of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia caused by a circulating INHIBITOR OF BILIRUBIN CONJUGATION

A

Lucey-Driscoll Syndrome

69
Q

Jaundice is clinically evident when bilirubin level exceeds ____

A

2mg/dl

70
Q

Delta Bilirubin is not calculated on neonatal patients on how many days

A
71
Q

Specific marker of Pre Hepatic and Post Hepatic Jaundice because it is not affected by hemolysis

A

Measurement of B2 bilirubin

72
Q

NM use in the Biuret Reaction

A

545 nm

73
Q

Evelyn Malloy Method Diazo A Rgt.

A

0.1% Sulfanilic Acid + HCl

74
Q

Evelyn Malloy Method Diazo B Rgt.

A

0.5% Sodium Nitrite

75
Q

A critically important neurotransmitter in the CNS that is lowered by Ammonia Toxicity

A

Gamma Amino Butyric Acid ( GABA )

76
Q

Common Method use in Ammonia

A

Nesslerization Reaction , Berthelot , Glutamate Dehydrogenase

77
Q

In Nesslerization Reaction if N2 is low or moderate what is the end color

A

Yellow End Color

78
Q

Nesslerization Reaction if N2/ammonia is high the color

A

Orange Brown Color

79
Q

Rgt use in Berthelot Reaction

A

Phenol , Hypochlorite , Na nitroprusside , Indolephenol blue

80
Q

5 Common Conditions associated with increase Ammonia

A

Cirrhosis , Hepatitis , Reye Syndrome , Chronic Renal Disease and Acetaminophen poisoning

81
Q

Reference value for Uribilinogen in Stool

A

75-275 ehrlich unit / 100g of feces

82
Q

Reference value for Uribilinogen in Urine

A

0.1-1.0 ehrlich units / 2hrs or 0.54 ehrlichs/day

83
Q

Give 2 BSP Administration Method

A

Rosenthal White and Mac Donald Method

84
Q

Dose use in Mac Donald Method

A

5mg/kg body weight of the px

85
Q

Specimen collection in Rosenthal White Method

A

after 5mins and after 30mins

86
Q

Specimen collection in Mac Donald Method

A

After 45 mins

87
Q

Dose use of Rosenthal White Method

A

2mg/kg body weight of the px

88
Q

Normal value for Macdonald Method

A

+/- 5% dye retention

89
Q

Normal Value for Rosenthal white method

A

After 5mins = 50 % dye retention

After 30mins = 0% dye retention

90
Q

Evelyn Mally Diazo Blank Rgt.

A

1.5% HCl

91
Q

5 Enzyme Markers of Hepatic Parenchymal Diseases

A

Amino Transferase , LDH , ICD , OCT , SDH

92
Q

4 Enzyme Markers of Obstructive Hepatic Disorder with Biliary Tree Involvement

A

5’ - NT , ALP , GGT , LAP

clinical chemistry (8 decks)

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