liver and gall bladder, stomach, pancreas, spleen

Question 1

what is the cardia of the stomach?

Answer 1

is the area of the stomach immediately surrounding the opening of the stomach from the oesophagus.

Question 2

where does the oesophagus penetrate the stomach?

Answer 2

at the level T10

Question 3

what is the role of the cardia sphincter?

Answer 3

helps to reduce reflux of the stomach contents back up the oesophagus.

Question 4

what is the fundus?

Answer 4

is the sections of the stomach that forms a distensible, blind pouch that expands as more food enters. it’s a reservoir for food where gastric juices mix with the food.

Question 5

what is the body?

Answer 5

`is a distensible section in the middle of the stomach.

it’s a reservoir for food where the food is mixed with gastric juices,

Question 6

what is the pyloric antrum?

Answer 6

the distal part of the stomach that grinds up the swallowed food into chime. it also regurgitates the HCL produces by the fundic and body parietal cells.

Question 7

what is the role of the pyloric sphincter?

Answer 7

sphincter that regulates movement of chime from the stomach to the duodenum. also prevents backflow of duodenal contents into the stomach

Question 8

what is the rugae of the stomach?

Answer 8

it’s the folding of the internal surface of the stomach, it allows expansion of the stomach after consumption of foods and liquids.

Question 9

where does the right gastric artery arise from?

Answer 9

most frequently from the hepatic artery proper (arises from common hepatic which arises from celiac artery) or less frequently from common hepatic (arises from celiac artery) or sometimes much more rarely from gastroduodenal artery. (which arises from common hepatic, which celiac)

Question 10

where does the right gastric artery supply?

Answer 10

descends to the pyloric end of the stomach, pass from right to left along it’s lesser curvature

Question 11

which artery does the right gastric anastomose with?

Answer 11

the left gastric artery

Question 12

where does the left gastric artery arise from?

Answer 12

the celiac artery

Question 13

where does the left gastric artery supply?

Answer 13

supplies the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach.

Question 14

which artery does the left gastric anastomose with?

Answer 14

the right gastric artery

Question 15

where does the right gastro-epiploic artery arise from?

Answer 15

one of the two terminal branches of the gastroduodenal artery (this arises from common hepatic which arises from celiac artery)

Question 16

where does the right gastro-epiploic artery supply?

Answer 16

runs from right to left across the greature curvature of the stomach..

Question 17

what does the right gastro-epiploic anastomose with?

Answer 17

the left gastro-epiploic artery.

Question 18

where does the left gastroepiploic artery arise from?

Answer 18

from the splenic artery which arises from the celiac artery.

Question 19

where does the left gastroepiploic supply?

Answer 19

runs from left to right about a fingers breadth from the greature curvature of the stomach between the layer of the greater omentum

Question 20

what does the left gastro-epiploic anastomose with/

Answer 20

the right gastroepiploic

Question 21

what does the left gastro epiploic distribute?

Answer 21

gastric branches - ascending branches to bot surfaces of the stomach.
omental branches - descend to supply the greater omentum.

Question 22

what is the nerve supply to the stomach?

Answer 22

nerve supply from the vagus and also sympathetic fibres via celiac plexus. (surrounds root of celiac trunk)