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Anatomy > Chest and lungs > Flashcards

Chest and lungs Flashcards

1
Q

How many pairs of ribs are they? what do these articulate with posteriorly?

A

there are 12 pairs of ribs. these articulate posteriorly with the verterbral column.

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2
Q

what do the uppermost ten pairs of ribs articulate with?

A

articulate posteriorly with the verterbral column and anteriorly with the sternum

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3
Q

what are true ribs? which ribs are true ribs?

A

true ribs are directly attached to the sternum.

these are ribs 1-7

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4
Q

what are false ribs? which ribs are false ribs?

A

these ribs do not directly attach to the sternum.

these are ribs 8- 12

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5
Q

which ribs are floating ribs?

A

ribs 11 and 12

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6
Q

where is the sternal angle?

A

is with the first 4 vetebrae.

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7
Q

What are the three parts of the sternum?

A

the Manubrium

the Body

the xiphoid process

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8
Q

what is the sternoclavicular joint?

A

it’s between the sternum and clavicle

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9
Q

what is the clavicle?

A

the collarbone

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10
Q

what is the scapula?

A

the shoulder blade

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11
Q

what is the pectoral girdle?

A

the scapula and the clavicle

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12
Q

what is the suprsternal notch?

A

also known as the jugular notch, it is the large visible dip between the nech and the collarbone

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13
Q

what is the clavicular notch?

A

it is a notch on either side of the upper manubrium, this is the site of articulation between the manubrium and clavicle

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14
Q

what parts of the rib are there?

A

The head

The neck

the tuberoscity

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15
Q

how can you identify the external intercostal muscles?

A

they face downwards and forwards

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16
Q

how can you identify the internal intercostal muscles?

A

they face upwards and backwards at 90 degrees.

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17
Q

what vein, artery and nerve supply the intercostals?

A

the intercostal vein , the intercostal artery and the intercostal nerve.

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18
Q

what does the phrenic nerve supply?

A

supplies the diaphragm

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19
Q

what does the vagus nerve supply?

A

the thoracic viscera.

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20
Q

describe the right lung

A

3 lobes, two fissures, larger than the left lung.

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21
Q

describe the left lung

A

2 lobes, one fissure, smaller than the right lung. cardiac notch can be seen

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22
Q

what is the pericardium of the heart attached to?

A

the heart and also to the diapragm

23
Q

what comes off of the arch of the aorta?

A

the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid and the left subclavian.

24
Q

what is the brachicephalic trunk?

A

the artery of the mediastinum, it supplies the right arm, head and neck.

25
Q

what comes of the brachicephalic trunk?

A

the right subclavian and right common corotid arteries

26
Q

what do the common carotid arteries supply?

A

the head and neck

27
Q

what do the subclavian arteries supply and what do these come off?

A

the right subclavian comes off the brachicephalic trunk and supplies the blood to the right arm with some branches going to the head and neck

the left subclavian comes of the aortta and supplies blood to the left arm

28
Q

what’s the role of the superior vena cava?

A

carries unoxygenated blood to the heart

29
Q

what does the phrenic nerve come from and where does it go to?

A

goes from the neck, past the heart down to the diaphragm.

30
Q

what does the vagus nerve do?

A

supplies many organs goes down by the diaphragm

31
Q

what is the hilus of the lung?

A

it’s where the bronchus, the pulmanory artery and the pulmanory vein enter the lungs

32
Q

what is the role of the pulmanory artery?

A

it brings unoxygenated blood from the right ventricle into the lung

33
Q

what is the role of the pulmanory vein?

A

it bring oxygenated blood from te lungs to the left atrium

34
Q

on which lung(S) is a superior lobe seen?

A

on both the right and left lungs

35
Q

on what lungs is there a middle lobe?

A

only on the right lung.

36
Q

on what lung(s) is there and inferior lobe?

A

on both the right and left lung

37
Q

what is the lingula? where is it located?

A

it is the “little tongue” it is located on the left lung

38
Q

what’s the function of the main bronchi?

A

to bring air into the lungs

39
Q

where does the trachae split into the right and left bronchi?

A

at T4

40
Q

what is the role of the bronchial arteries?

A

to supply the lungs with oxygenated blood. usually one to the left and one to the right lung.

41
Q

what does the superior mediastinum contain?(8)

A

acending aorta

arch of the aorta

brachicephalic trunk

right and left common carotid arteries

right and left subclavian arteries

internal jugular vein

subclavian vein

brachicephalic vein.

42
Q

what does the posterior mediastinum contain? (8)

A

the decending aorta

ribs and thoracic vertebra

central tendon of the diaphragm

pulmanory artery

pulmanory vein

bronchus

vagus nerve

phrenic nerve

43
Q

Which lung is this?

at what throcacic level does this horizontal fissure usually lie?

A

the right lung

this is at the level of the 4th rib

44
Q

which part of the vertabra is this?

A

it’s the transverse process

45
Q

what is this?

name the three parts of this structure

what is this joint?

what lies at the level of this joint?

A

the sternum

the menubrium, the body and the xiphoid process.

the sternal angle

the level at which the trachea splits into the right and left bronchi.

46
Q

In this picture of the heart and lungs viewed from behind (posterior view) what stucture causes the impression on the left lung indicated by the arrow?

A

the descending aorta

47
Q

In this view of the hilum of the right lung, what is the structure indicated?

A

pulmanory vein

48
Q

Which fissure is this?

A

oblique fissure of the left lung

49
Q

In this oblique view of the left chest with the left lung removed, what is the structure indicated?

A

the phrenic nerve

50
Q

what is it being pointed to in the image?

A

is one of the internal intercostal muscles

51
Q

what structure is this and what is it innervated by?

A

this is the diaphragm, it is innervated by the phrenic

52
Q

what is this structure?

At what point in the body does this bifurcation normally occur?

A

it is the trachea

bifurcation usually occurs at the level of the 4th thoracic vertebra

53
Q
A

Anatomy (12 decks)

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