Liver Flashcards

1
Q

Liver functions (10 total)

A

-metabolize carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
-storage of glucose as glycogen
-detoxification of waste, drugs, alcohol, chemicals, hormones
-production & secretion of bile
-production of albumin
-regulates heat
-clotting factors
-immune system support using kupffer cells
-filters blood
-fetal hematopoiesis

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2
Q

What vessels supplies blood to the liver

A

-Hepatic artery supplies 25% of livers blood
-Portal vein supplies 75% of livers blood

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3
Q

Liver ligaments

A

-Coronary Lig.
-Triangular Lig. (Lt/Rt)
-Falciform Lig.
-Round Lig. (Ligamentum Teres)
-Ligamentum Venosum
-Lesser Omentum

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4
Q

Attaches liver to diaphragm

A

coronary ligament

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5
Q

Houses Ligamentum Teres; anchors liver to anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm

A

Falciform Ligament

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6
Q

remnant of obliterated left umbilical vein

A

Round Ligament

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7
Q

remnant of fetal ductus venosus; an open vessel during fetal development and closes after birth

A

Ligamentum Venosum

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8
Q

A groove that separates the right and left lobes. It runs obliquely between the gallbladder neck and the right portal vein.

A

Main Lobar Fissure

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9
Q

Consists of the hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments

A

Lesser Omentum

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10
Q

subhepatic space between the right kidney and liver

A

Morrison’s Pouch

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11
Q

a fibroelastic connective tissue layer that surrounds the liver and the portal triads

A

glisson capsule

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12
Q

veins that run between segments (INTER), less reflective walls, enlarged toward IVC

A

Hepatic Veins

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13
Q

veins that run through segments (INTRA), dense borders of fibrofatty tissue (increased echogenicity)

A

Portal Veins

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14
Q

Labs used for liver diagnosis

A

ALT & AST, Alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin

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15
Q

aka liver hilum, where triads enter and exit liver

A

porta hepatis

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16
Q

tongue-like extension of inferior tip of right liver lobe extending beyond Rt. Kidney and reaching down to the iliac crest

A

Reidel’s Lobe

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17
Q

invasion of liver with fat, obscuring vasculature

A

fatty infiltration

18
Q

high pressure/tension in venous and portal system and can lead to congestion of liver

A

Portal Hypertension

19
Q

enlarged liver

A

Hepatomegaly

20
Q

end stage liver failure due to heavy drinking or drug use; nodular, fibrosis, shrinking

A

cirrhosis

21
Q

A benign tumor made up of a tangle of blood vessels, considered the most common liver pathology, congenital not genetic

A

cavernous hemangioma

22
Q

A rare liver disease in the hepatic veins, which become blocked or narrowed, causing a back up of blood flow and hepatomegaly.

A

Budd-Chiari Syndrome

23
Q

a fluid filled sac with well defined boarders, anechoic

A

simple cyst

24
Q

A fluid filled or debris filled, irregular wall, hypoechoic (darker), heterogeneous

A

complex cyst

25
Q

“Mickey Mouse” sign consists of

A

Main Portal Vein, Common Bile Duct, Hepatic Artery

26
Q

A portion of the posterior surface of the liver is without a peritoneal covering.

A

Bare area

27
Q

mitosis of cancer cells in the liver

A

mets

28
Q

signs of acute inflammation in the liver

A

-excessive fluid
-increase hypoechoic
-bigger/chunky organ
-increase blood flow
-aliasing (mix of colors) on colorflow

29
Q

signs of chronic inflammation in liver

A

-hypoechoic Sono graphically
-shrunken or smaller organ (from scaring, cells dying)
-Metastasis of cancer cells

30
Q

Cells that protect the hepatocytes by engulfing, toxic or harmful substances

A

Kupffer cells

31
Q

four lobes of the liver

A

Right lobe, left lobe, quadrate lobe, caudate lobe

32
Q

located between the liver sinusoids and hepatocytes, this space plays a key role in the exchange of substances between the blood in the sinusoids and the liver cells.

A

The space of Disse

33
Q

Broad term for a lump, which could be benign or malignant

A

mass

34
Q

a collection of pus caused by infection

A

abscess

35
Q

Benign turmor

A

adenoma

36
Q

General term for any abnormal or damaged tissue

A

Lesion

37
Q

Fluid filled sack that is usually not infected; can be either simple or complex

A

Cyst

38
Q

aka myoma, leiomyoma, benign and common

A

fibroids

39
Q

Thickening of the endometrium due to early cancer

A

hyperplasia

40
Q
A