List 2 Vocab: Pina, Ear Canal & Tympanic Membrane

Question 1

concha

Answer 1

• deepest depression on the auricle, the crus divides the concha into the skiff/cymba (superior) and the cave (inferior)

Question 2

tragus

Answer 2

• cartilaginous flap which partially covers/occludes the opening into the ear canal
• part of the auricle/pinna
• the auricle is important in sound localization and directing sound into the ear canal

Question 3

antihelix

Answer 3

• semicircular ridge of pinna
• just anterior to the helix
• the helix and antihelix are separated by a depression called the scaphoid fossa

Question 4

crura of helix

Answer 4

• pinna
• two ridges, inferior and superior
• binding the triangular fossa, by which the antihelix begins at the upper part of the auricle

Question 5

triangular fossa

Answer 5

• pinna

- the depression at the upper part of the auricle between the two crura of the antihelix

Question 6

auricular cartilage

Answer 6

• external ear canal
• fibrous cartilage that makes up the core of the auricle/pinna and is medically contiguous with the cartilaginous skeleton of the ear canal
• fastens tot he zygomatic arch by a cartilaginous spine to the mastoid process of the temporal bone by a tail

Question 7

cartilaginous meatus

Answer 7

• external ear canal
• lateral portion of the external acoustic meatus (ear canal)
• function of external acoustic meatus is the conduct sound to the ear drum
• variable diameter (dependent on things like movement of the mandible)
• firmly attached tot he margins of the osseous meatus

Question 8

osseous meatus

Answer 8

• external ear canal
• the medial portion of the external auditory meatus (ear canal)
• conducts sound to eardrum
• boney and has fixed diameter
• not present at birth, not fully developed until about the end of 3rd year
• develops fromt he tympanic annulus

Question 9

meatal skin

Answer 9

• external ear canal
• skin lining of the external auditory meatus
• lateral 1/3 of canal has numerous hairs and sebaceous glands which together produce cerumen to protect the ear

Question 10

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 10

• external ear canal

- secretes an oil/waxy matter onto the skin called “sebum”

Question 11

ceruminous glands

Answer 11

• external ear canal

- combines its own secretion with sebum from the sebaceous glands to create cerumen

Question 12

manubrium

Answer 12

• the long process of the malleus that connects to the mobile portion of the tympanic membrane

Question 13

Umbo

Answer 13

• the point where the manubrium of the malleus attaches to the tympanic membrane, this is the most depressed point

Question 14

mallear prominence

Answer 14

• the attachment of the lateral process of the malleus to the TM

Question 15

pars flaccida

Answer 15

triangular flaccid part of the tympanic membrane, section that doesn’t connect to the tympanic ring

Question 16

pars tensa

Answer 16

• the rest of the tympanic membrane, relatively tense compared to the pars flaccida, connected to the tympanic ring

Question 17

tympanic (annular) sulcus

Answer 17

• the location where the tympanic membrane attaches to the ear canal wall

Question 18

malleolar folds

Answer 18

• anterior folds and posterior folds which course from the notch of ravinius to the lateral process of the malleus
• create border of the pars flaccida

Question 19

tympanic notch (of ravinius)

Answer 19

• the tympanic sulcus is where the membrane attaches to the ear canal
• at the superior portion the connection is deficient and this is known as the notch of ravinius or tympanic notch

Question 20

fibro-cartilaginous ring

Answer 20

• the thickened connection of the tympanic membrane to the ear walls, except at the superior portion (notch of ravinius)

Question 21

cutaneous layer of the tympanic membrane

Answer 21

• thin outer layer of the TM

- continuous with the lining of the external auditory meatus

Question 22

subeupidermal connective tissue

Answer 22

• connective tissue comprising the middle layer of the TM
• found in both the pars tensa and pars flaccida
• middle layer of the TM is largely responsible for the compliance of the ear drum

Question 23

outer radial fibers

Answer 23

• a component of the middle layer of the tympanic membrane, whose fibers radiate out from the center toward the periphery, unevenly, resembling the spokes of a wheel
• only in the pars tensa, tense portion of the TM
• middle layer of the TM is largely responsible for the compliance of the eardrum

Question 24

inner circular fibers

Answer 24

• a component of the middle layer of the TM, fibers form unevenly distributed concentric circles
• density is the greatest toward periphery and in the center where membrane attaches to manubrium of the malleus
• only in pars tensa, tense portion of TM
• middle layer largely responsible for compliance of TM

Question 25

submucousal connective tissue

Answer 25

- connective tissue comprising the middle layer of the TM - found in both pars tensa and pars flaccida - middle layer largely responsible for the compliance of the TM

Question 26

Mucous Layer

Answer 26

- internal layer of the TM | - continuous with the lining of the tympanic cavity