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Anatomy > List 1 Vocab - Temporal bone > Flashcards

List 1 Vocab - Temporal bone Flashcards

1
Q

Foramen

A

A natural opening or oriface as in a bone - through which nerves and blood vessels pass

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2
Q

Fossa

A

Latin: pit or depression

- small cavity or anatomical depression, trench, hollow area as in bone

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3
Q

Sinus

A

Latin: curve or hollow

- any of various air filled cavities in the bones of the skull, especially one communicating with the nostrils

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4
Q

Parietal

A
  • either of the two large, irregularly quadrilateral bones between the frontal and occipital bones that together form the sides and top of the skull
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5
Q

Occipital

A
  • bone on the back portion of the skull, in part base of the skull
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6
Q

zygomatic

A
  • small bone in vertebrates on each side of the face socket, forming prominence of the cheek
  • cheek bone, malar, malar bone
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7
Q

sphenoid

A
  • large butterfly-shaped compound bone at the base of the skull containing a protective depression for the pituitary gland
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8
Q

mandible

A
  • lower jaw, large horseshoe shaped structure when viewed from above or below
  • open end faces the back
  • articulates with the left and right temporal bones alog the side of the skull to form the temporomandibular joints (TMJ)
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9
Q

Sulcus for middle temporal artery

A
  • passes upward on the posterior part of the squama in the lateral surface
  • vertical groove located above the external acoustic meatus on the external surface of the squamous part of the temporal bone
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10
Q

Temporal Muscle Attachment

A
  • squamous part
  • aka temporalis, muscle of mastication, covers much of the temporal bone, arises from temporal fossa & deep part of temporal fascia
  • elevates and retracts the mandible
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11
Q

zygomatic process

A
  • squamous part
  • provides support for the eye sockets
  • juts out from the squamous part of the temporal bone
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12
Q

external auditor meatus

A
  • mastoid part
  • passage that leads to the tympanic membrane
  • lateral 1/3 of canal is catilage, medial 2/3 is bony meatus of the temporal bone
  • ā€sā€ shaped
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13
Q

mastoid process

A
  • mastoid part
  • a thick downward projected portion of the mastoid part of the temporal bone
  • place of attachment for musculature of the shoulder, girdle & back
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14
Q

Mastoid Air Cells

A
  • mastoid part
  • fill various cavities in the mastoid portion of the temporal bone
  • varying sizes and shapes, lined by mucous membrane (same mucous membrane that lines the tympanic cavity - i.e. its continuous lining)
  • honey comb shape
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15
Q

VIII Cranial Nerve

A
  • stato-acoustic
  • petrous part
  • function of this nerve related to hearing (vestibulocochlear nerve)
  • travels through the internal auditory meatus and is innervated in the inner ear
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16
Q

VII Cranial Nerve

A
  • facial nerve
  • petrous part
  • travels through the internal auditory meatus
  • both motor and sensory in nature
  • provides sensation to the skin of the external ear and a branch of this nerve innervates the stapes
17
Q

Carotid Canal

A
  • petrous part
  • entrance for this canal is at the external carotid foramen for the internal carotid artery and its plexus of veins & sympathetic nerves to cranial cavity
18
Q

Styloid process

A
  • petrous part
  • downward directed cylindrical spur located on the lateral side of the rough jugular surface varies in size and can be absent (if long, can reach the hyoid bone)
19
Q

Tympanic Ring

A
  • tympanic part
  • formed during the ossification of the temporal bone
  • incomplete ring, open above
  • anterior portion ends with a small irregular process and the medial aspect has a groove for the attachment to the tympanic membrane
  • tight attachment to the pars tensa, not attached the the pars flaccida
20
Q

cochlear canaliculus

A
  • petrous part
  • located in medial direction from the jugular fossa
  • described as a funnel-shaped expansion, contains the perilymphatic duct
21
Q

stylomastoid foramen

A
  • forms the base of the styloid process and is the external oriface of the facial canal
  • transmits the facial nerve (VII), stylomastoid artery & sometimes the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (X)
  • lowest part of the tmypanic portion of the temporal bone
22
Q

Inferior Petrosal Sinus

A
  • occupies the medial part of the jugular foramen, area beneath the brain and drains from cavernous sinus to the sigmoid sinuses above the internal jugular vein
  • receives internal auditory veins as well as veins from the madula oblongata, pons and under surface of the cerebellum
23
Q

Superior Petrosal Sinus

A
  • venous structure beneath the brain
    = receives blood from the cavernous sinus and drains into the transverse sinus
  • also receives some cerebellar and inferior cerebral veins as well as veins from tympanic cavity
24
Q

Endolymphatic sac and duct

A
  • located on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, transmission of the sac and duct performed by vestibular aqueduct
  • duct is joined by ductus utriculosaccularis and passes along vestibular aqueduct and ends in a sac (a blind pouch) on the posterior surface of the petrous portion fo the temporal bone where it is in contact with dura mater
25
Q

sigmoid sinus

A
  • found in lateral portion of the jugular foramen in the mastoid portion of the temporal bone
  • where it empties into the internal jugular vein
  • s shaped in nature
  • drain from transverse sinus
26
Q

internal auditory meatus

A
  • located on the posterior of the petrous portion of temporal bone
  • midway between the base and the apex of the pyramid
  • short canal which acoustic VIII, facial nerves and the auditory blood vessels pass through
27
Q

vestibular aqueduct

A
  • bony canal that is located on the medial surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone
  • passes to the vestibule of the inner ear which houses the endolymphatic duct
28
Q

jugular foramen

A
  • formed by the inferior surface of the pyramid and the occipital bone, located behind the carotid canal
  • anterior portion: transmits inferior petrosal sinus
  • intermediate portion: transmits cranial nerves IX, X & XI
  • posterior portion: transmits sigmoid sinus and some meningeal branches from occipital and ascending pharyngeal arteries
29
Q

Transverse sinus (sigmoid portion)

A
  • located at lateral part of the jugular foramen
  • transverse sinus itself drains from straight sinus and superior sagittal sinus tot he sigmoid sinuses at the internal jugular vein
  • in the petrous portion of the transverse sinus it leaves tentorium cerebelli and curves down and medial to reach jugular foramen where it ends in internal jugular vein

Anatomy (5 decks)

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