List 1 Vocab - Temporal bone

Question 1

Foramen

Answer 1

A natural opening or oriface as in a bone - through which nerves and blood vessels pass

Question 2

Fossa

Answer 2

Latin: pit or depression

- small cavity or anatomical depression, trench, hollow area as in bone

Question 3

Sinus

Answer 3

Latin: curve or hollow

- any of various air filled cavities in the bones of the skull, especially one communicating with the nostrils

Question 4

Parietal

Answer 4

• either of the two large, irregularly quadrilateral bones between the frontal and occipital bones that together form the sides and top of the skull

Question 5

Occipital

Answer 5

• bone on the back portion of the skull, in part base of the skull

Question 6

zygomatic

Answer 6

• small bone in vertebrates on each side of the face socket, forming prominence of the cheek
• cheek bone, malar, malar bone

Question 7

sphenoid

Answer 7

• large butterfly-shaped compound bone at the base of the skull containing a protective depression for the pituitary gland

Question 8

mandible

Answer 8

• lower jaw, large horseshoe shaped structure when viewed from above or below
• open end faces the back
• articulates with the left and right temporal bones alog the side of the skull to form the temporomandibular joints (TMJ)

Question 9

Sulcus for middle temporal artery

Answer 9

• passes upward on the posterior part of the squama in the lateral surface
• vertical groove located above the external acoustic meatus on the external surface of the squamous part of the temporal bone

Question 10

Temporal Muscle Attachment

Answer 10

• squamous part
• aka temporalis, muscle of mastication, covers much of the temporal bone, arises from temporal fossa & deep part of temporal fascia
• elevates and retracts the mandible

Question 11

zygomatic process

Answer 11

• squamous part
• provides support for the eye sockets
• juts out from the squamous part of the temporal bone

Question 12

external auditor meatus

Answer 12

• mastoid part
• passage that leads to the tympanic membrane
• lateral 1/3 of canal is catilage, medial 2/3 is bony meatus of the temporal bone
• ”s” shaped

Question 13

mastoid process

Answer 13

• mastoid part
• a thick downward projected portion of the mastoid part of the temporal bone
• place of attachment for musculature of the shoulder, girdle & back

Question 14

Mastoid Air Cells

Answer 14

• mastoid part
• fill various cavities in the mastoid portion of the temporal bone
• varying sizes and shapes, lined by mucous membrane (same mucous membrane that lines the tympanic cavity - i.e. its continuous lining)
• honey comb shape

Question 15

VIII Cranial Nerve

Answer 15

• stato-acoustic
• petrous part
• function of this nerve related to hearing (vestibulocochlear nerve)
• travels through the internal auditory meatus and is innervated in the inner ear

Question 16

VII Cranial Nerve

Answer 16

• facial nerve
• petrous part
• travels through the internal auditory meatus
• both motor and sensory in nature
• provides sensation to the skin of the external ear and a branch of this nerve innervates the stapes

Question 17

Carotid Canal

Answer 17

• petrous part
• entrance for this canal is at the external carotid foramen for the internal carotid artery and its plexus of veins & sympathetic nerves to cranial cavity

Question 18

Styloid process

Answer 18

• petrous part
• downward directed cylindrical spur located on the lateral side of the rough jugular surface varies in size and can be absent (if long, can reach the hyoid bone)

Question 19

Tympanic Ring

Answer 19

• tympanic part
• formed during the ossification of the temporal bone
• incomplete ring, open above
• anterior portion ends with a small irregular process and the medial aspect has a groove for the attachment to the tympanic membrane
• tight attachment to the pars tensa, not attached the the pars flaccida

Question 20

cochlear canaliculus

Answer 20

• petrous part
• located in medial direction from the jugular fossa
• described as a funnel-shaped expansion, contains the perilymphatic duct

Question 21

stylomastoid foramen

Answer 21

• forms the base of the styloid process and is the external oriface of the facial canal
• transmits the facial nerve (VII), stylomastoid artery & sometimes the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (X)
• lowest part of the tmypanic portion of the temporal bone

Question 22

Inferior Petrosal Sinus

Answer 22

• occupies the medial part of the jugular foramen, area beneath the brain and drains from cavernous sinus to the sigmoid sinuses above the internal jugular vein
• receives internal auditory veins as well as veins from the madula oblongata, pons and under surface of the cerebellum

Question 23

Superior Petrosal Sinus

Answer 23

• venous structure beneath the brain
  = receives blood from the cavernous sinus and drains into the transverse sinus
• also receives some cerebellar and inferior cerebral veins as well as veins from tympanic cavity

Question 24

Endolymphatic sac and duct

Answer 24

• located on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, transmission of the sac and duct performed by vestibular aqueduct
• duct is joined by ductus utriculosaccularis and passes along vestibular aqueduct and ends in a sac (a blind pouch) on the posterior surface of the petrous portion fo the temporal bone where it is in contact with dura mater

Question 25

sigmoid sinus

Answer 25

• found in lateral portion of the jugular foramen in the mastoid portion of the temporal bone
• where it empties into the internal jugular vein
• s shaped in nature
• drain from transverse sinus

Question 26

internal auditory meatus

Answer 26

• located on the posterior of the petrous portion of temporal bone
• midway between the base and the apex of the pyramid
• short canal which acoustic VIII, facial nerves and the auditory blood vessels pass through

Question 27

vestibular aqueduct

Answer 27

• bony canal that is located on the medial surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone
• passes to the vestibule of the inner ear which houses the endolymphatic duct

Question 28

jugular foramen

Answer 28

• formed by the inferior surface of the pyramid and the occipital bone, located behind the carotid canal
• anterior portion: transmits inferior petrosal sinus
• intermediate portion: transmits cranial nerves IX, X & XI
• posterior portion: transmits sigmoid sinus and some meningeal branches from occipital and ascending pharyngeal arteries

Question 29

Transverse sinus (sigmoid portion)

Answer 29

• located at lateral part of the jugular foramen
• transverse sinus itself drains from straight sinus and superior sagittal sinus tot he sigmoid sinuses at the internal jugular vein
• in the petrous portion of the transverse sinus it leaves tentorium cerebelli and curves down and medial to reach jugular foramen where it ends in internal jugular vein