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Finals AnaChem > Lipoprotein > Flashcards

Lipoprotein Flashcards

1
Q

Composed of mostly Carbons and Hydrogen bonds
- commonly referred to as fats
- primary source of fuel
- require special transport mechanisms (lipoprotein) for circulation in the blood
- insoluble in water and blood, however they are soluble in organic solvent

A

Lipids

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2
Q
  • Phospholipids
  • cholesterol
  • TAG
  • fatty acids
A

Major Lipids

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3
Q

Contains your polar and nonpolar hydrophilic clothing
- the most abundant lipids derived from phosphatidic acid
- produced from conjugation of two fatty acids and phosphorylated glycerol

A

Phospholipid (Conjugated Lipid)

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4
Q

Water loving

A

Hydrophilic

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5
Q

Water fearing

A

Nonpolar hydrophobic

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6
Q
  • Lecithin/phosphatidylcholine 70%
  • Sphingomyelin 20%
  • Cephalin 10%
  • Amniotic fluid
A

Forms of Phospholipids

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7
Q

Give protein and vitamins

A

Amniotic fluid

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8
Q

Essential component of cell membrane
- the only phospholipid in membrane that is not derived from glycerol but from an amino acid called sphinogosine

A

Sphingomyelin

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9
Q

The second abundant lipid
- unsaturated steroid alcohol containing four rings
- found on the surface of lipid layers
- building block of steroid hormones
- considered as amphiphatic

A

Cholesterol

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10
Q

Borderline of cholesterol

A

200-239 mg/dL

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11
Q

Patient with high cholesterol

A

> 240 mg/dL

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12
Q

Reference value of Cholesterol

A

<200 mg/dL

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13
Q
  • found in plasma and serum
  • cholesterol bound fatty acid
A

Cholesterol Ester 70%

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14
Q
  • _____ and phospholipids are found in the surface of lipoprotein
  • Lipase
A

Free cholesterol 30%

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15
Q

Enzyme responsible for fat

A

Lipase

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16
Q
  • size ranging from 10-1200 nm
  • composed of lipids and protein called apolipoprotein
  • reference method for lipoprotein analysis is ultra centrifugation
A

General lipoprotein Structure

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17
Q

Located on the surface of lipoprotein particles
- maintain structural integrity of lipoprotein
- serves as ligand of cell receptors

A

Apolipoprotein

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18
Q
  • Cholesterol Ester 70%
  • Free Cholesterol 30%
  • General lipoprotein Structure
  • Apolipoprotein
A

Forms of Cholesterol

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19
Q

Transport exogenous lipemia due to dietary TAG or fat
- Largest, least dense
- Highest TAG (triglyceride) content
- completely cleared within 6 to 9 hours post prandial
- Apo B - 48, Apo A 1, Apo C, and Apo D

A

Chylomicrons

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20
Q

Transport endogenous TAG (endogenous lipemia) from liver to muscle
- secreted by the liver
- pre beta lipoprotein
- if increase, set at Turbidity within 24 hours
- Apo - B100, Apo C, and Apo D

A

Very Low - Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)

21
Q

Known as good Cholesterol
- smallest lipoprotein but most dense (5-12nm)
- produced in the live and intestine
- reverse cholesterol transport
- CDC reference method: Ultracentrifugation, Precipitation with Heparin - MnCl² and abell Kendall assay (3 step method)

A

High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)

22
Q

Interpretation for HDL

A

<35mg/dL (cutoff level)

23
Q

HDL reference value (high)

A

> 60mg/dL

24
Q

Reference value of HDL (low)

A

40 mg/dL (cutoff level)

25
Q

Known as bad cholesterol
- produced by lipolysis of VLDL
- transport cholesterol
- increased _____ can cause CHD (coronary heart disease)
- too much _____ can cause Arteriosclerosis

A

Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)

26
Q

LDL reference value (Borderline)

A

130-159 mg/dL

27
Q

LDL reference value (High)

A

160-189 mg/dL

28
Q

LDL reference value (Very High)

A

> 190 mg/dL

29
Q

Apoprotein: Apo B-100

A

Lipoprotein: VLDL,LDL,IDL

30
Q

Apoprotein: Apo B-48

A

Lipoprotein: Chylomicrons, remnants

31
Q

Apoprotein: Apo E

A

Lipoprotein: Chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, HDL

32
Q

Apoprotein: Apo A-I

A

Lipoprotein: HDL, chylomicrons

33
Q

Apoprotein: Apo A-II

A

Lipoprotein: HDL, chylomicrons

34
Q

Apoprotein: Apo C-I

A

Lipoprotein: Chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, HDL

35
Q

Apoprotein: Apo C-II

A

Lipoprotein: Chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, HDL

36
Q

Apoprotein: Apo C-III

A

Lipoprotein: Chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, HDL

37
Q

LDL cholesterol reference value (optimal)

A

<100

38
Q

LDL cholesterol reference value (near optimal)

A

100-129

39
Q

TAG Reference value (normal)

A

<150

40
Q

TAG Reference value (borderline)

A

150-199

41
Q

TAG Reference value (high)

A

200-499

42
Q

TAG Reference value (very high)

A

> 500

43
Q

fasting for how many hours before venipuncture

A

12 hrs

44
Q

Cause of prolonged tourinquet application

A

Hemoconcentration

45
Q

Seen when TAG levels exceed 4.6 mmo/L

A

Lipemic samples

46
Q

Can be measured non fasting

A

TC and HDL - C

47
Q

separate lipoprotein depends on density

A

Lipoprotein Methods

48
Q

Chylomicrons measure of 0.95 gm/mL

A

Ultracentrifugation

49
Q

Plasma lipoprotein separation in electrophoresis agarose gel

A

Electrophoresis

Finals AnaChem (6 decks)

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