Carbohydrates

Question 1

1 Carbohydrates; 1 sugar

Answer 1

Monosaccharides

Question 2

2 Carbohydrates

Answer 2

Disaccharide

Question 3

3-4 Carbohydrates

Answer 3

Oligosaccharides

Question 4

Long chained Carbohydrates that is made up of smaller monosaccharides

Answer 4

Polysaccharide

Question 5

Simplest Carbohydrates

Answer 5

Glycol Aldehyde

Question 6

The only Carbohydrates to be directly used for energy or stored glycogen

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

Most common non reducing sugar

Answer 7

Sucrose

Question 8

Both endocrine and exocrine in the control of carbohydrates

Answer 8

Pancreas

Question 9

Primary hormone responsible for entry of glucose into the cell; decrease glucose level

Answer 9

Insulin

Question 10

Primary hormone responsible for increase glucose

Answer 10

Hyperglycemic agent

Question 11

Release during stress and fasting states

Answer 11

Glucagon

Question 12

Plasma glucagon concentration is normally ___

Answer 12

25-50pg/ml

Question 13

These are secreted by the cells of zona fasciculata and zona reticularis of the adrenal; promote gluconeogenesis and lipolysis

Answer 13

Cortisol and corticosteroids

Question 14

Release from the chromatin cells of the adrenal medulla; inhibit secretion and promotes glycogenolysis and lipolysis

Answer 14

Cathecholamines

Question 15

Secreted by anterior pituitary gland

Answer 15

Growth hormone (Somatotophic)

Question 16

Produced by delta cells; inhibits the action of insulin, growth hormone, glucagon

Answer 16

Somatostatin

Question 17

Increase in glucose concentration; toxic to beta cells function

Answer 17

Hyperglycemia

Question 18

Hyperglycemia FBS level

Answer 18

≥126mg/dL

Question 19

Results from an imbalance between glucose utilization and production

Answer 19

Hypoglycemia

Question 20

Hypoglycemia symptom: tremors, palpitations, anxiety

Answer 20

Neurogenic

Question 21

Hypoglycemia symptom: dizziness, tingling,blurred vision

Answer 21

Neuroglycopenic

Question 22

Group of metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia

Answer 22

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 23

DM fasting plasma glucose concentration

Answer 23

≥126mg/dL

Question 24

Insulin dependent DM

Answer 24

Type 1 DM

Question 25

Non insulin dependent DM

Answer 25

Type 2 DM

Question 26

Occurs during pregnancy and disappears after delivery

Answer 26

Gestational DM

Question 27

Gestational DM screening should be performed between ___ of gestation

Answer 27

24-28 weeks

Question 28

Requested during insulin shock and hyperglycemic ketonic coma

Answer 28

RBS

Question 29

Measure of overall glucose hemostasis; required at least 8hrs before the test

Answer 29

FBS

Question 30

Measure how well the body metabolized glucose

Answer 30

2 hour PPBS

Question 31

Multiple blood sugar test; should be performed to diagnose gestational diabetes

Answer 31

GTT

Question 32

Oral GTT: most common method (single dose method)

Answer 32

Janney Isaacson method

Question 33

Oral GTT: (divided oral dose or double dose method)

Answer 33

Exton Rose method

Question 34

Used for DM patient with gastrointestinal disorder

Answer 34

Intravenous glucose tolerance test

Question 35

WHO standard glucose load for OGTT

Answer 35

75g

Question 36

OGTT fasting requirement

Answer 36

8hrs

Question 37

known as glycated hgb; largest subtraction of normal hgb A in both diabetic

Answer 37

Glycosylated hgb (HbA1c)