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Biology - Biological Molecules > Lipids - Triglycerides > Flashcards

Lipids - Triglycerides Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of lipids?

A

Triglycerides

Phospholipids

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2
Q

What is the role of triglycerides?

A

Good source of energy

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3
Q

What is the role of phospholipids?

A

As structural role in cell membranes

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4
Q

What are lipids mostly composed of?

A

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

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5
Q

Describe lipids

5

A 
Large
Complex molecules (macromolecules)
Not polymers
Non-polar molecules
Won’t dissolve in water
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6
Q

How are triglyceride molecules formed?

A

1 molecule of glycerol

3 fatty acids

Through condensation reactions

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7
Q

What is glycerol?

A

An organic alcohol which has 3 hydroxy (-OH) groups

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8
Q

What are fatty acids?

A

Organic acids that have a carboxyl (COOH) group joined to a hydrocarbon tail

They are a type of carboxylic acid

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9
Q

What is the letter “R” often used to represent?

A

The hydrogen chain

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10
Q

What does a condensation reaction form?

A

Water

1 oxygen atom and 2 hydrogen atoms removed from the glycerol and fatty acids

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11
Q

What is the bond between glycerol and fatty acid called?

A

Ester bond

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12
Q

What is an ester bond?

A

The covalent bond formed by a condensation reaction between the -OH group of a carboxylic acid and the -OH group of an alcohol

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13
Q

What is -OH?

A

Hydroxide

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14
Q

How many condensation reactions are needed to make a triglyceride?

A

3

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15
Q

What is formed after the 3 condensation reaction to make triglyceride?

A

3 molecules of water

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16
Q

How many ester bonds does triglyceride contain?

A

3

17
Q

What can triglycerides be broken down into?

A

1 glycerol

3 fatty acids

18
Q

How is triglyceride broken down?

A

By 3 hydrolysis reactions

19
Q

What is needed to break down the triglyceride?

A

3 water molecules

3 oxygen atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms are added to the triglyceride

This breaks the 3 ester bonds, for,img glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Biology - Biological Molecules (18 decks)

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