Lipids - Triglycerides Flashcards
What are the two types of lipids?
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
What is the role of triglycerides?
Good source of energy
What is the role of phospholipids?
As structural role in cell membranes
What are lipids mostly composed of?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Describe lipids
5
Large Complex molecules (macromolecules) Not polymers Non-polar molecules Won’t dissolve in water
How are triglyceride molecules formed?
1 molecule of glycerol
3 fatty acids
Through condensation reactions
What is glycerol?
An organic alcohol which has 3 hydroxy (-OH) groups
What are fatty acids?
Organic acids that have a carboxyl (COOH) group joined to a hydrocarbon tail
They are a type of carboxylic acid
What is the letter “R” often used to represent?
The hydrogen chain
What does a condensation reaction form?
Water
1 oxygen atom and 2 hydrogen atoms removed from the glycerol and fatty acids
What is the bond between glycerol and fatty acid called?
Ester bond
What is an ester bond?
The covalent bond formed by a condensation reaction between the -OH group of a carboxylic acid and the -OH group of an alcohol
What is -OH?
Hydroxide
How many condensation reactions are needed to make a triglyceride?
3
What is formed after the 3 condensation reaction to make triglyceride?
3 molecules of water
How many ester bonds does triglyceride contain?
3
What can triglycerides be broken down into?
1 glycerol
3 fatty acids
How is triglyceride broken down?
By 3 hydrolysis reactions
What is needed to break down the triglyceride?
3 water molecules
3 oxygen atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms are added to the triglyceride
This breaks the 3 ester bonds, for,img glycerol and 3 fatty acids
