lipids term

Question 1

hydrophobic

Answer 1

insoluble in water, repels water

Question 1

fatty acids

Answer 1

chain of carbon and hydrogen atoms with acid group (COOH at one end), varies by length of chain, whether carbons have double or single bonds between them, and total number of double bonds

Question 2

saturated fatty acid

Answer 2

all carbons bonded to hydrogen

Question 3

saturated fats

Answer 3

single bond and straight, all carbons bonded to hydrogen

Question 4

monounsaturated fatty acid

Answer 4

one double bond

Question 5

unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 5

at least one double bond between two carbons, bent, therefore less saturated (filled with) hydrogen atoms

Question 6

unsaturated fats

Answer 6

at least one double bond between two carbons, bent, therefore less saturated (filled with) hydrogen atoms

Question 7

polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa)

Answer 7

more than one double bond

Question 8

essential fatty acids

Answer 8

not synthesized by the body, hence they must be obtained from dietary sources (help maintain healthy skin cells, nerves, and cell membranes)

Question 9

linoleic acid

Answer 9

precursor of omega-6 arachidonic acid

Question 10

alpha-linolenic acid

Answer 10

precursor of omega-3 fatty acid

Question 11

triglyceride

Answer 11

most common lipid found in foods and body, “fats and oils” (three fatty acids connected to glycerol “backbone”)

Question 12

glycerol

Answer 12

backbone of phospholipid

Question 13

fat

Answer 13

a type of lipid

Question 14

oils

Answer 14

fats that are liquid at room temperature

Question 15

phospholipids

Answer 15

have glycerol backbone, but two fatty acids and a phosphorus group (phosphorus containing head is hydrophilic and fatty acid tail is hydrophobic)

Question 16

emulsifiers

Answer 16

a substance that stabilizes an emulsion

Question 17

sterol

Answer 17

composed mainly of four connecting rings of carbon and hydrogen