lipids bro Flashcards
define lipid
wassa triglyceride
its a typa lipid its composed on one glycerol (achohol) and three carboxyllic acid groups (fatty acids) which r joined thru a condensation reaction which creates an ester bond.
an ester formed from glycerol and three fatty acid groups. Triglycerides are the main constituents of natural fats and oils.
its a typa fat found in ur blood
where r triglycerides mostly found
in adipose tissue (usually) , made up of differentiated cells called adipocytes
or energy and thermal insulation
what are the types of lipids
triglycerides
phospholipids
steroids
waxes
wassa phospholipid
Phospholipids are another important type of lipid that also form by condensation. A phospholipid consists of a glycerol molecule modified with a phosphate group and two fatty acids
what are triglycerides used as
thermal insulators to body temperature and habitat.
what are satruated fats
these fats do not have any carbon - carbon double bonds. thus they r usually linear and r usually solid at room temp
wassa unsaturated fatty acid and what r the types
these have one or more than one carbon - carbon double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain which is what makes it non-polar and hydrophobic
monounsaturated - only on carbon - carbon double bond
polyunsaturation - more than one carbon - carbon double bond
what can fatty acids be classified as
saturated, unsaturated
unsaturated = less hydrogens attached to one carbon which is one thing that makes them liquid at room temp, their bends or kinks also allow for that
wassa hydrocarbon chain
Hydrocarbon chains are long, linear chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms that make up the backbone of fatty acid molecules
what r the types of mono and poly unsaturated fatty a’s
cis and trans fats
what’s a cis fat
made naturally, hydogen atoms r on same side of double bond. - typa unsaturated fat
less bends n kinks = more linear, higher melting point in comparison to trans fats.
wassa trans fat
not naturally, typa unsaturated fat - industrially so then their hydrogen atoms r at opposing sides of the double bond. creates more bends and kinks in the hc chain, causes it to have a lower melting point in comparison to cis facts.
gimme an example of triglycerides being used as thermal insulators in animals
its the blubbwhaer found in whales
cuz its hydrophobic and its a lipid its more energy dense, and also allows for energy and thermal insulation
its found in the adipose tissue (adipocytes r the name of the cells btw) of the blubber in whales.
what does It mean when something has both phobic and phillic properties
amphipathic - its a phospholipid
what r phospholipids comprised of
neg charged phosphate head and glycerol grp (its the CH2 Ch3 shit u needa learn how to draw that)
then it has two hydrocarbon tails at the end which make it phonic
these hc tails can be saturated or unsaturated
what happens when two phospholipids combine cuz of their phillicphobic properties
so their heads attract the extracellular fluid and the tails r in the middle so this creates a bilayer which is what a plasma membrane is made of
what r steroids
Steroids are a group of naturally occurring hormones that play a vital role in regulating a wide range of physiological functions in the body.
example of 3 steroid
cholesterol are an important component of the phospholipid bilayer providing it with both stability and flexibility (see subtopic B2.1). Other steroids play an important role in signalling.
- oestradol - female reproductive
- testosterone - male repro
