Lipids And Proteins 2.2

Question 1

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Answer 1

Amino acids

Question 2

Which type of bond holds amino acids together in a protein?

Answer 2

Peptide bond

Question 3

What is the primary function of proteins in the body?

Answer 3

To serve as structural components, enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and transport molecules

Question 4

What is the main function of lipids in the body?

Answer 4

To store energy, provide insulation, and form cell membranes

Question 5

What are the main types of lipids found in the body?

Answer 5

Triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols

Question 6

Which type of lipid is commonly known as ‘good cholesterol’?

Answer 6

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

Question 7

True or False: Lipids are hydrophobic molecules.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the general structure of a lipid molecule?

Answer 8

A glycerol backbone with fatty acid chains attached

Question 9

What is the primary difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Answer 9

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond

Question 10

Which type of lipid is a major component of cell membranes?

Answer 10

Phospholipids

Question 11

What is the role of proteins in enzyme function?

Answer 11

Proteins act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in the body

Question 12

What is the process of denaturation in proteins?

Answer 12

The alteration of a protein’s shape, leading to loss of function, due to factors such as heat, pH, or chemicals

Question 13

Why are lipids considered to be more energy-dense than carbohydrates?

Answer 13

Lipids have a higher ratio of carbon-hydrogen bonds, which release more energy when broken down

Question 14

What is the main function of triglycerides in the body?

Answer 14

To store energy for later use

Question 15

What is the primary source of essential fatty acids in the diet?

Answer 15

Dietary sources, as the body cannot synthesize them

Question 16

Which lipid is a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones and bile acids?

Answer 16

Cholesterol

Question 17

What is the role of lipoproteins in the body?

Answer 17

To transport lipids in the bloodstream

Question 18

What is the recommended daily intake of protein for adults?

Answer 18

Around 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight

Question 19

How do phospholipids contribute to the structure of cell membranes?

Answer 19

By forming a lipid bilayer with hydrophobic tails facing inward and hydrophilic heads facing outward

Question 20

What is the function of steroid hormones in the body?

Answer 20

To regulate various physiological processes, such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction

Question 21

What is the difference between LDL and HDL cholesterol?

Answer 21

LDL cholesterol is considered ‘bad’ cholesterol as it can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, while HDL cholesterol is considered ‘good’ cholesterol as it helps remove LDL from the bloodstream

Question 22

What is the significance of the omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the diet?

Answer 22

They are essential fatty acids that play a crucial role in brain function, growth, and inflammation regulation