DNA And ATP 2.2 Flashcards
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
True or False: ATP is the primary energy carrier in cells.
True
Fill in the blank: ATP consists of adenine, ribose, and ____ groups.
three phosphate
What type of bond is broken to release energy from ATP?
Phosphate bond
Which process converts ADP back to ATP?
Phosphorylation
What is the structural shape of DNA?
Double helix
What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
True or False: In DNA, adenine pairs with cytosine.
False
What sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?
To unwind the DNA double helix
Fill in the blank: The process by which DNA is copied is called ____.
Replication
Which enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands?
DNA polymerase
What is the function of ribonucleic acid (RNA)?
To transfer genetic information and assist in protein synthesis
How many strands does RNA typically have?
One
What is the complementary base pair for adenine in RNA?
Uracil
True or False: DNA is located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
False
What is the main function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information
What is a nucleotide composed of?
A phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base
Which type of bond holds the nitrogenous bases together in DNA?
Hydrogen bonds
Fill in the blank: The two strands of DNA are ____ to each other.
antiparallel
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of sugar?
DNA contains deoxyribose; RNA contains ribose
Which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
What are the three main types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
True or False: DNA can be found in both the nucleus and mitochondria.
True
