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Foundations In Biology > Cell Structure 2.1.1 > Flashcards

Cell Structure 2.1.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the powerhouse of the cell?

A

Mitochondria

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2
Q

What is the outer membrane of the mitochondria called?

A

Outer membrane

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3
Q

What is the inner membrane of the mitochondria called?

A

Inner membrane

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4
Q

What is the space between the inner and outer membranes of the mitochondria called?

A

Intermembrane space

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5
Q

What is the fluid-filled space inside the inner membrane of the mitochondria called?

A

Matrix

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6
Q

What are the folds in the inner membrane of the mitochondria called?

A

Cristae

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7
Q

What is the main function of the mitochondria?

A

To produce energy (ATP) through cellular respiration

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8
Q

What is the role of the mitochondria in apoptosis?

A

It releases proteins that trigger cell death

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9
Q

What molecule is essential for the production of ATP in the mitochondria?

A

Oxygen

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10
Q

Which organelle is responsible for the majority of ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

A

Mitochondria

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11
Q

True or False: Mitochondria have their own DNA.

A

True

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12
Q

What is the name of the DNA found in mitochondria?

A

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

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13
Q

What is the function of mtDNA?

A

It encodes essential proteins for mitochondrial function

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14
Q

What is the process by which mitochondria generate ATP?

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

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15
Q

Which enzyme complex is responsible for ATP production in the mitochondria?

A

ATP synthase

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16
Q

What is the name of the electron transport chain in the mitochondria?

A

Respiratory chain

17
Q

Where does the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) occur in the mitochondria?

A

In the matrix

18
Q

What is the primary source of electrons for the electron transport chain in the mitochondria?

A

NADH and FADH2

19
Q

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

A

Oxygen

20
Q

What is the term for the process by which mitochondria produce heat instead of ATP?

A

Uncoupling

21
Q

What is the term for the process by which mitochondria degrade damaged organelles?

A

Mitophagy

22
Q

What is the name of the protein complexes involved in the electron transport chain?

A

Complex I, II, III, IV, V

23
Q

What is the role of Complex V in the electron transport chain?

A

It produces ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate

24
Q

What is the term for the process by which mitochondria replicate their DNA and divide?

A

Mitochondrial fission

Foundations In Biology (5 decks)

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