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ENDOCRINE > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Inhibits lipolysis

A

Insulin
Adenosine
Niacin

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2
Q

Apo B48

A

Chylomicrons

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3
Q

Most abundant ipoprotein in HDL

A

ApoA1

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4
Q

Weight gain 18-20 yrs increases risk of DM by how much

A

5% or more

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5
Q

Caused by a deficiency in the cholesterol eaterifying enzyme LCAT

A

Lipoprotein X

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6
Q

Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia

A

Type III hyerlipoproteinemia

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7
Q

Pathognomonic for familial dysbetalipopriteinemia

A

Palmar xanthomas

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8
Q

The most common lipid abnormality in protease inhibitor use in human immunodeficiency virus infection

A

Hypertriglyceridemia

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9
Q

Most abundant lipoprotein in HDL

Activates LCAT

A

ApoA1

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10
Q

Activation of hepatic lipase

May disrupt the ability of HDL to promote reverse cholesterol transport

A

ApoA2

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11
Q

Apo lipoprotein
Originates in gut
Secretion induced by high fat meal

A

ApoA4

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12
Q

Apo

Involved in the hydrolysis of trihlcerode rich proteins by LPL

A

ApoA4

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13
Q

Apo

VLDL assembly and export

A

Apo B100

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14
Q

Apo

Chylomiceona

A

Apo B100

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15
Q

Apo

Impt for Tg metab

A

ApoC

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16
Q

NCEP cholesterol level values

A

<200 desirable
200-240 borderline high
> 240 high

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17
Q

Most dramatic state of severehypertriglyceridemia

A

Fasting hyperchylomicronemia

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18
Q

Mc cause of fasting hyperchylomicronemia

A

Out of control DM

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19
Q

Defective apoC2

Mc cause Dm and obesity

A

LPL deficiency

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20
Q

Elevated Tg and Tc
Normal HDL
Dfect in cleareance of remnant lipoproteins

A

Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia

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21
Q

Protease inhibitor use in HIV mc lipid abnormality

A

Hypertroglyceridemia

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22
Q

Screening for familial lipid abn

A

Directly measures ratio of vodl-c t plasma Tg

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23
Q

Patients with HYPO BETA LIPOPROTEINEMIA are at increased risk of

A

Hepatic steatosis

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24
Q

Traditional risk favtor for atherosclerotic CV disease

A

Total cholesterol

HDL cholesterol

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25
A Tg level higher than _____ usually signifies the presence of 2 or more abnormalities of lipid metab
1000
26
Statin recommended | (+) ASCVD
<75 age high intensity | >75 moderate intensity
27
LDL > 190 mg/dL and age >21 yrs
High intensity statin
28
Statin Primary prevention of diabetes Age 40-75 yrs ldl 70-189
Mod intensity
29
Most effective drug to raise HDL
Niacin
30
Percent lowering HDL and Tg niacin
Tg 10-30% | Hdl increase 10-40%
31
Rx cutaneous flushing of niacin
Take niacin with food or with aspirin
32
Most serious side effect of niacin
Hepatotoxicity
33
Fibrate Tg lowering
30-50% increase
34
Interacts NPC1L1
Ezetimibe
35
Lowers LdL ezetibe
14-25% | But when combined with statin it causes an additonal 15-20% lowering
36
CI ezetimibe
Prgnancy | Severe liver dysfunction
37
Potential for increased bleeding a side effect
Omega 3 FA
38
Statin dose recommended As primary prevention with >7.5 10 yr ascvd risk Age 40-75 yrs LDL 70-189
Moderate ro high intensity statin
39
Action of EPA and DHA
Decrease Tg secretion from liver | Decreases VLDL
40
Major lipoprotein decreased is VLDL
niacin Fibrates omega 3 FAs
41
Apidra B antisense oligonucleotide | Inhibits synthesis of lipoportein B
Mipomersen
42
Microsomal Tg transfer protein inhibitor
Lomitrapide
43
Omega 6 fatty acids
Linoleic | Arachidonic
44
Omega 3 fatty acids
A linoleic EPA DHA
45
Inhibits lipolysis
“IAN” INsulin Adenosin Niacin
46
Lipoprotein disorder | Low HDL
Familial hypo alphalipoproteinemia | Apo A1 mutations
47
Kipoprotein disorder
LPL deficiency ApiC2 deficiency Familial hypertriglyceridemia
48
Rate limiting step for clearance of triglycerides and essential for generation of HDL
Lpl
49
Platform for lipolysis in plasma
GP1HGP1
50
Esterifies cholesterol
ACAT ACAT 1- macrophages atherosclerosis ACAT2- liver in intestine promotes abdorption
51
Metabolic syndrome
``` Waist>40 in men > 30 in women Elevated Tg> 150 Reduced HDL = men <40 women <50 Elevated BP >130 /85 systolic FBS > 110 ``` *3 out of 5 Phats Pressure, hdl, abdomen ibesity, tg, sugar
52
What happens to adiponectin in obesity
Decreased It is increased in improved insulin sensitivity and weight loss
53
Ratio of VLDLC to plasma triglycerides
>0.3 in dyslbetalipoproteinemia
54
Chylomicron retention syndrome
Anderson disease
55
Rare autosomal disorder cause by a deficiency un MTP | Malabsorption if fat soluble vitamins from the intestine
ABetalipoproteinemia
56
Low HDL
Familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia
57
The most flagrant example of a defect in ABCA1
Tangier diseSe
58
This study showed there is increased risk of HD at Tc more than 200 mg/dL
MR FIT Mult Rf intervention trial
59
LDL >190 | Cholesterol reduction sbowed decrease in both CV and total mortality rates
4S | Sacndinavian simvastatin survival study
60
CARE study statin
Pravastatin
61
CARDS study statin
Atorvastatin
62
JUPITER study statin
Rosuvastatin
63
ACCORD trial study
Fenofibrate
64
AHA recommendation statin group diabetes
Moderate intensity | 40-75 y.o. With LDL 70-189
65
AHA recommendation | Who will benefit from high intensity statin
Clinical ASCVD less than 75 | LDL more than 190 age >21
66
Px without DM who will benefit from mod to high intensity statin Primary prevention
LDL > 190
67
Statins with long half lives
Pitavastatin Atorvastatin Rosuvastatin
68
Statins with minimal renal clearance hence may be more suitable for patients with significant renal insufficiency
“AF while HD” Atorvastatin Flubastatin
69
Statin which is best given with food
Lovastatin
70
Risk of DM with statins
0. 1 with mod intensity | 0. 3 with high i tensity
71
Contraindication of the use of fenofibrate
- liver/ gallbladder disease
72
Worsening of glucose tolerance Nd hyperuricemia mAy occur wuth this anti lipid treatment
Niacin
73
Antimlipid contrainidctaed in severe peotic ulcer disease
Niacin
74
Anti lipid Rx causing cystoid macular edema
Niacin
75
Fibrates lower triglycerides by___
30-50%
76
This anti lipid treatment can increase the levels of ezetimibe
Fibrates
77
Most prevalent genetic obesity syndrome
MC4R
78
This drug enhances lipoprotein liapse
Fenofibrate
79
Palmar xanthomas pathognomonic of
Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia
80
Monoclonal Ab against PCSCK inhibits degradation of LDL receptirs
Evolocumab
81
Low levels of this mineral is a late and ominous sign in anorexia mervosa
Phosphorus
82
Treatment of obesity acts in serotonin norepinephrine reuotake inhibitor
Lorcaserin

ENDOCRINE (12 decks)

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